Cardamine impatiens |
Brassicaceae tribe Cardamineae |
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narrow-leaf bitter-cress |
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Habit | Biennials or, rarely, annuals; usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent basally. | Annuals, biennials, or perennials; eglandular. |
Rhizomes | absent. |
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Stems | erect, (angled, sometimes flexuous), unbranched basally, usually branched distally, (1.2–)2–6.5(–9) dm. |
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Basal leaves | (often withered by flowering), rosulate, similar to cauline, with fewer distal leaflets. |
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Cauline leaves | 9–24, (9–)13–25-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate; petiole 2–6 cm, base auriculate (auricles to 10 × 2.2 mm); lateral leaflets similar to terminal, blade often smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule to 0.5 cm), blade orbicular, obovate, ovate, or lanceolate, 1–4(–5) cm × 5–17 mm, margins entire or 3–5(–9)-toothed or -lobed. |
(rarely absent), usually petiolate, sometimes sessile; blade (simple or compound), base auriculate or not, margins entire or dentate to pinnately lobed. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
usually ebracteate (Selenia bracteate throughout), often elongated in fruit. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 1.2–2(–2.5) × 0.7–1(–1.2) mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals (rarely absent), white, oblanceolate, 1.5–4(–5) × 0.6–1.2 mm; filaments 2–3(–4) mm; anthers ovate, 0.3–0.5 mm. |
actinomorphic; sepals erect to spreading or ascending, lateral pair seldom saccate basally; petals white, yellow, pink, lilac, or purple, claw usually present, rarely absent, often distinct; filaments unappendaged, not winged; pollen 3-colpate. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate or ascending, 3.5–12(–15) mm. |
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Fruits | linear, (torulose), (1–)1.6–3(–3.5) cm × 0.9–1.5 mm; (valves glabrous or, rarely, pilose); ovules 10–30 per ovary; style 0.6–1.6(–2) mm. |
silicles or siliques, dehiscent, unsegmented, terete, 4-angled, or latiseptate, rarely angustiseptate; ovules 4–300[–numerous] per ovary; style distinct or obsolete (absent in Subularia); stigma usually entire. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, 1.1–1.5 × 0.8–1 mm, (compressed, sometimes narrowly winged apically). |
biseriate or uniseriate; cotyledons usually accumbent, sometimes incumbent. |
Trichomes | absent or simple. |
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2n | = 16. |
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Cardamine impatiens |
Brassicaceae tribe Cardamineae |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | |
Habitat | Streamsides, slopes, roadsides, fields, disturbed areas | |
Elevation | 0-200 m (0-700 ft) | |
Distribution |
CT; KY; MI; MN; NH; OH; PA; VA; WV; ON; Eurasia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South Africa]
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Nearly worldwide |
Discussion | Genera 12, species ca. 335 (10 genera, 85 species in the flora). The assignment of Subularia to Cardamineae is provisional and based solely on morphology. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 476. | FNA vol. 7, p. 458. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine | Brassicaceae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. impatiens var. angustifolia | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 655. (1753) | Dumortier: Fl. Belg., 124. (1827) |
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