Cardamine holmgrenii |
Cardamine purpurea |
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Holmgren's bitter-cress |
purple bittercress |
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Habit | Perennials; glabrous throughout. | Perennials; (often cespitose); hirsute. |
Rhizomes | slender, 0.5–1 mm diam. |
vertical, 1–3 mm diam., (not fleshy). |
Stems | erect to ascending, branched, 1.5–2 dm. |
(simple or few to several from base), usually erect, unbranched, (0.3–)0.5–1.2(–1.5) dm. |
Basal leaves | sometimes rosulate, usually 3 or 5-foliolate, rarely simple, (1.5–)2.5–7 cm, leaflets petiolulate or sessile; petiole (1.2–)2–5 cm; lateral lobes or leaflets sessile, blade similar to terminal, distinctly smaller; terminal lobe or leaflet petiolulate (0.05–0.6 cm), blade reniform or suborbicular to broadly ovate, 0.3–1 cm × 4–15 mm, base subcordate to rounded, margins entire, repand, or obscurely 2-toothed. |
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Cauline leaves | 3 or 4, 3- or 5-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate; petiole 0.5–1.7 cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflet blade linear to linear-lanceolate, 0.9–1.5 cm × 1–3 mm, margins entire; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.3–0.5 cm), blade obovate to lanceolate (linear distally), 1.3–2.3 cm × 2–8 mm, base cuneate, margins entire or subapically 1- or 2-toothed. |
1–3, usually compound, rarely simple, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile; petiole (0.2–)0.5–2 cm, base not auriculate; similar to basal, smaller. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 1.2–1.5 × 0.6–0.8 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals white, oblanceolate, 2–2.5 × 0.8–1 mm, (not clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 1.5–1.8 mm, lateral pair 1–1.2 mm; anthers ovate, 0.2–0.3 mm. |
sepals oblong, 2–3(–4) × 1.4–1.7 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals usually purple to pink, rarely white, obovate, 5–7(–9) × 3–4(–5) mm, (clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 2.5–3.5 mm, lateral pair 1.5–3.5 mm; anthers oblong, 0.6–0.9 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to suberect, 5–14 mm. |
suberect, ascending, or divaricate, 5–12 mm, pubescent. |
Fruits | linear, 1–2 cm × ca. 1 mm; ovules 16–24 per ovary; style 0.5–0.7 mm. |
linear, 1.5–2.5 cm × 1.5–1.8 mm; ovules 10–14 per ovary; style 1–2.5 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, 1.2–1.5 × 0.8–1 mm. |
brown, oblong to broadly ovoid, 1.7–2.1 × 1.4–1.7 mm. |
Rhizomal | and basal leaves absent. |
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2n | = 96. |
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Cardamine holmgrenii |
Cardamine purpurea |
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Phenology | Flowering Jul–Aug. | Flowering Jun–Aug. |
Habitat | Boggy slopes | Moist tundra, damp woods and ravines, alpine turf, river flats, peaty subarctic meadows, streamsides, moist slopes |
Elevation | 600-1800 m (2000-5900 ft) | |
Distribution |
OR |
AK; YT; e Asia (Russian Far East) |
Discussion | Cardamine holmgrenii is known only from the type collection, from the Blue Mountains in Baker County. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 475. | FNA vol. 7, p. 483. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. purpurea var. albiflora, C. purpurea var. albiflos, C. purpurea var. lactiflora | |
Name authority | Al-Shehbaz: Harvard Pap. Bot. 11: 275. (2007) | Chamisso & Schlechtendal: Linnaea 1: 20. (1826) |
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