Cardamine flexuosa
Cardamine microphylla
wavy bitter-cress, wood bitter-cress, woodland bitter-cress
small-leaf bittercress
absent.
cylindrical, slender, 0.7–1.5 mm diam.
erect, ascending, or decumbent, branched or unbranched, (0.6–)1–5 dm, (slightly flexuous).
erect or ascending, unbranched, 0.3–1.5(–2) dm.
(often withered by anthesis), not rosulate, 5–15-foliolate, (2.7–)4–14(–19) cm, leaflets petiolulate;
petiole 0.7–5 cm, (ciliate or not);
lateral leaflet blade oblong, ovate, or elliptic, smaller than terminal, margins entire, repand, crenate, or 3 (or 5)-lobed;
terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.3–1.7 cm), blade reniform, broadly ovate, or suborbicular, 0.5–2.5 cm × 4–30 mm, margins repand, crenate, or 3 or 5-lobed.
pinnately 5 or 7-foliolate, (1.3–)2.5–6.5 cm, (not fleshy), leaflets petiolulate;
petiole (0.5–)1.5–5.5 cm;
lateral leaflets similar to terminal, blade sometimes smaller;
terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.15–0.7 cm), blade ovate to elliptic, (0.2–)0.4–1.2(–1.5) cm × (1–)2.5–6 mm, base cuneate to obtuse, margins entire, (apiculate).
3–15, 5–15-foliolate [leaves (2–)3.5–5.5(–7) cm, including petiole], petiolate, leaflets petiolulate;
petiole base not auriculate;
lateral leaflets similar to basal, (0.4–2.5 mm wide).
1–3, 5 or 7-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile;
petiole 0.2–1.5 cm, base not auriculate;
lateral leaflets similar to terminal;
terminal leaflet (subsessile or petiolule to 0.2 cm), blade ovate to elliptic, 0.6–1.3 × 0.1–0.7 cm, base cuneate, margins entire.
ebracteate.
ebracteate.
sepals oblong, 1.5–2.5 × 0.7–1 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally;
petals white, spatulate, 2.5–4(–5) × 1–1.7 mm; (stamens rarely 4, lateral pair absent);
filaments 2–3 mm;
anthers ovate, 0.3–0.5 mm.
sepals ovate to oblong, 3–4 × 1.8–2.5 mm, lateral pair slightly saccate basally;
petals usually white, rarely lavender, broadly obovate, 7–10 × 3–6 mm, (clawed, apex rounded);
filaments: median pairs 3–4.5 mm, lateral pair 2–3 mm;
anthers oblong, 1–1.5 mm.
divaricate or ascending, (5–)6–14(–17) mm.
erect to ascending, 7–15(–25) mm.
linear, (torulose), (0.8–)1.2–2.8 cm × 1–1.5 mm;
ovules 18–40 per ovary;
style 0.3–1(–1.5) mm.
linear, 2–3 cm × 1.2–1.7 mm;
ovules 12–16 per ovary;
style 1–2 mm.
brown, oblong or subquadrate, 0.9–1.5 × 0.6–1 mm, (narrowly margined or not).
brown, oblong, ca. 1.5 × 1 mm.
= 32.
= 28, 42, 64.
Cardamine flexuosa
Cardamine microphylla
According to J. Lihová et al. (2006), the populations referred to Cardamine flexuosa in North America comprise two taxa of different polyploid origins and evolutionary histories: tetraploid C. flexuosa (2n = 32), native to Europe, and the octoploid taxon informally called “Asian C. flexuosa” (2n = 64), native to eastern Asia. For the latter, the name C. flexuosa subsp. debilis can be used. Nevertheless, these two taxa should be recognized at species level and the correct name for the Asian species should be sought. Based on available data, both taxa occupy the same habitats in North America, but the Asian taxon is much more widespread. The occurrence of European C. flexuosa was, until now, confirmed only for Washington, where both taxa have been recorded. More detailed studies of the North American distributions of both these weeds are needed.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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BC, 
OR, 
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