Cardamine flagellifera |
Cardamine purpurea |
|
---|---|---|
Blue Ridge bittercress |
purple bittercress |
|
Habit | Perennials; hirsute or pilose proximally, sparsely pubescent or glabrous distally. | Perennials; (often cespitose); hirsute. |
Rhizomes | swollen, compact at stem base, (fleshy, stolons many, slender, ca. 1 mm diam., pubescent or glabrous). |
vertical, 1–3 mm diam., (not fleshy). |
Stems | erect, usually unbranched, rarely branched distally, 1–2.5 dm, sparsely to densely hirsute or pilose proximally, sparsely so or glabrous distally. |
(simple or few to several from base), usually erect, unbranched, (0.3–)0.5–1.2(–1.5) dm. |
Basal leaves | sometimes rosulate, usually 3 or 5-foliolate, rarely simple, (1.5–)2.5–7 cm, leaflets petiolulate or sessile; petiole (1.2–)2–5 cm; lateral lobes or leaflets sessile, blade similar to terminal, distinctly smaller; terminal lobe or leaflet petiolulate (0.05–0.6 cm), blade reniform or suborbicular to broadly ovate, 0.3–1 cm × 4–15 mm, base subcordate to rounded, margins entire, repand, or obscurely 2-toothed. |
|
Rhizomal leaves | usually simple, rarely 3-foliolate, (3–)6–16 cm, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole (1.5–)4–13 cm; lateral leaflets subsessile or petiolulate (to 0.5 cm), blade similar to terminal, much smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.5–2 cm), blade orbicular to reniform or broadly ovate, (1–)1.5–4.5 cm, base cordate, margins repand to coarsely crenate, (apiculate at vein endings, surfaces sparsely pubescent or glabrous). |
|
Cauline leaves | 2–5, 3 or 5-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole 0.8–5 cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets sessile or petiolulate (to 0.5 cm), blade similar to terminal, smaller; terminal leaflet petiolulate (0.5–1.5 cm), blade broadly ovate to suborbicular, 1.5–4(–5) cm × 12–35 mm, margins repand to coarsely crenate or slightly lobed, (apiculate at vein endings, margins glabrous). |
1–3, usually compound, rarely simple, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile; petiole (0.2–)0.5–2 cm, base not auriculate; similar to basal, smaller. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals (ascending) oblong, 3–3.5 × 1–1.5 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals white, oblanceolate, 5–6.5(–8) × 1.5–2.5 mm, (not clawed, apex obtuse to subemarginate); filaments: median pairs 3.5–5 mm, lateral pair 2.5–3 mm; anthers oblong, 1.2–1.6 mm. |
sepals oblong, 2–3(–4) × 1.4–1.7 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals usually purple to pink, rarely white, obovate, 5–7(–9) × 3–4(–5) mm, (clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 2.5–3.5 mm, lateral pair 1.5–3.5 mm; anthers oblong, 0.6–0.9 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to divaricate-ascending, 7–20 mm. |
suberect, ascending, or divaricate, 5–12 mm, pubescent. |
Fruits | linear, 1.5–2.5 cm × 1–1.2 mm; ovules 10–14 per ovary; style 1.2–2.5 mm. |
linear, 1.5–2.5 cm × 1.5–1.8 mm; ovules 10–14 per ovary; style 1–2.5 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, 1.2–1.7 × 0.8–1.1 mm. |
brown, oblong to broadly ovoid, 1.7–2.1 × 1.4–1.7 mm. |
2n | = 96. |
|
Cardamine flagellifera |
Cardamine purpurea |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jun. | Flowering Jun–Aug. |
Habitat | Moist wooded slopes, gorges, wooded ravines, seepage places | Moist tundra, damp woods and ravines, alpine turf, river flats, peaty subarctic meadows, streamsides, moist slopes |
Elevation | 300-1000 m (1000-3300 ft) | 600-1800 m (2000-5900 ft) |
Distribution |
GA; NC; SC; TN; WV |
AK; YT; e Asia (Russian Far East) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 474. | FNA vol. 7, p. 483. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. flagellifera var. hugeri, C. hugeri | C. purpurea var. albiflora, C. purpurea var. albiflos, C. purpurea var. lactiflora |
Name authority | O. E. Schulz: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 405. (1903) | Chamisso & Schlechtendal: Linnaea 1: 20. (1826) |
Web links |