Cardamine flagellifera |
Cardamine microphylla |
|
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Blue Ridge bittercress |
small-leaf bittercress |
|
Habit | Perennials; hirsute or pilose proximally, sparsely pubescent or glabrous distally. | Perennials; usually glabrous, rarely sparsely hirtellous. |
Rhizomes | swollen, compact at stem base, (fleshy, stolons many, slender, ca. 1 mm diam., pubescent or glabrous). |
cylindrical, slender, 0.7–1.5 mm diam. |
Stems | erect, usually unbranched, rarely branched distally, 1–2.5 dm, sparsely to densely hirsute or pilose proximally, sparsely so or glabrous distally. |
erect or ascending, unbranched, 0.3–1.5(–2) dm. |
Rhizomal leaves | usually simple, rarely 3-foliolate, (3–)6–16 cm, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole (1.5–)4–13 cm; lateral leaflets subsessile or petiolulate (to 0.5 cm), blade similar to terminal, much smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.5–2 cm), blade orbicular to reniform or broadly ovate, (1–)1.5–4.5 cm, base cordate, margins repand to coarsely crenate, (apiculate at vein endings, surfaces sparsely pubescent or glabrous). |
pinnately 5 or 7-foliolate, (1.3–)2.5–6.5 cm, (not fleshy), leaflets petiolulate; petiole (0.5–)1.5–5.5 cm; lateral leaflets similar to terminal, blade sometimes smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.15–0.7 cm), blade ovate to elliptic, (0.2–)0.4–1.2(–1.5) cm × (1–)2.5–6 mm, base cuneate to obtuse, margins entire, (apiculate). |
Cauline leaves | 2–5, 3 or 5-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole 0.8–5 cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets sessile or petiolulate (to 0.5 cm), blade similar to terminal, smaller; terminal leaflet petiolulate (0.5–1.5 cm), blade broadly ovate to suborbicular, 1.5–4(–5) cm × 12–35 mm, margins repand to coarsely crenate or slightly lobed, (apiculate at vein endings, margins glabrous). |
1–3, 5 or 7-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole 0.2–1.5 cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets similar to terminal; terminal leaflet (subsessile or petiolule to 0.2 cm), blade ovate to elliptic, 0.6–1.3 × 0.1–0.7 cm, base cuneate, margins entire. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals (ascending) oblong, 3–3.5 × 1–1.5 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals white, oblanceolate, 5–6.5(–8) × 1.5–2.5 mm, (not clawed, apex obtuse to subemarginate); filaments: median pairs 3.5–5 mm, lateral pair 2.5–3 mm; anthers oblong, 1.2–1.6 mm. |
sepals ovate to oblong, 3–4 × 1.8–2.5 mm, lateral pair slightly saccate basally; petals usually white, rarely lavender, broadly obovate, 7–10 × 3–6 mm, (clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 3–4.5 mm, lateral pair 2–3 mm; anthers oblong, 1–1.5 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to divaricate-ascending, 7–20 mm. |
erect to ascending, 7–15(–25) mm. |
Fruits | linear, 1.5–2.5 cm × 1–1.2 mm; ovules 10–14 per ovary; style 1.2–2.5 mm. |
linear, 2–3 cm × 1.2–1.7 mm; ovules 12–16 per ovary; style 1–2 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, 1.2–1.7 × 0.8–1.1 mm. |
brown, oblong, ca. 1.5 × 1 mm. |
2n | = 28, 42, 64. |
|
Cardamine flagellifera |
Cardamine microphylla |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jun. | Flowering Jul–Aug. |
Habitat | Moist wooded slopes, gorges, wooded ravines, seepage places | Streamsides, sand and cobbles on gravel bars, shale banks, floodplains, alluvial sand between cobbles, moist moss, turf, seepage areas, meadows, wet grounds |
Elevation | 300-1000 m (1000-3300 ft) | 0-1600 m (0-5200 ft) |
Distribution |
GA; NC; SC; TN; WV |
AK; NT; YT; e Asia (Russian Far East, Siberia) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 474. | FNA vol. 7, p. 477. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. flagellifera var. hugeri, C. hugeri | C. minuta |
Name authority | O. E. Schulz: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 405. (1903) | Adams: Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 5: 111. (1817) |
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