Cardamine flagellifera |
Cardamine micranthera |
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Blue Ridge bittercress |
streambank bittercress |
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Habit | Perennials; hirsute or pilose proximally, sparsely pubescent or glabrous distally. | Perennials; glabrous throughout. |
Rhizomes | swollen, compact at stem base, (fleshy, stolons many, slender, ca. 1 mm diam., pubescent or glabrous). |
(relatively short), 2–3 mm diam., (covered with extensive root system). |
Stems | erect, usually unbranched, rarely branched distally, 1–2.5 dm, sparsely to densely hirsute or pilose proximally, sparsely so or glabrous distally. |
erect to ascending, unbranched or branched distally, 0.9–4 dm. |
Rhizomal leaves | usually simple, rarely 3-foliolate, (3–)6–16 cm, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole (1.5–)4–13 cm; lateral leaflets subsessile or petiolulate (to 0.5 cm), blade similar to terminal, much smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.5–2 cm), blade orbicular to reniform or broadly ovate, (1–)1.5–4.5 cm, base cordate, margins repand to coarsely crenate, (apiculate at vein endings, surfaces sparsely pubescent or glabrous). |
usually 3-foliolate, rarely simple, 1–8 cm, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole 0.5–5 cm; lateral leaflets subsessile, often minute; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.4–2 cm), blade orbicular to broadly ovate, 0.5–3 cm × 5–25 mm, base rounded, margins entire, repand, or dentate. |
Cauline leaves | 2–5, 3 or 5-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole 0.8–5 cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets sessile or petiolulate (to 0.5 cm), blade similar to terminal, smaller; terminal leaflet petiolulate (0.5–1.5 cm), blade broadly ovate to suborbicular, 1.5–4(–5) cm × 12–35 mm, margins repand to coarsely crenate or slightly lobed, (apiculate at vein endings, margins glabrous). |
5–10, petiolate; middle leaves often simple, petiole 0.3–1.5 cm, blade rhombic to suborbicular or ovate, 1–3.5 cm × 6–22 mm, base obtuse to cuneate, margins entire, repand, or dentate; distal ones with shorter petiole, blade smaller. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals (ascending) oblong, 3–3.5 × 1–1.5 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals white, oblanceolate, 5–6.5(–8) × 1.5–2.5 mm, (not clawed, apex obtuse to subemarginate); filaments: median pairs 3.5–5 mm, lateral pair 2.5–3 mm; anthers oblong, 1.2–1.6 mm. |
sepals (ascending), oblong, 1.5–2.2 × 0.7–1 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals (somewhat spreading), white, oblanceolate, 3.5–5 × 1.2–1.8 mm, (not clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 2.5–3 mm, lateral pair 2–2.5 mm; anthers ovate, ca. 0.2 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to divaricate-ascending, 7–20 mm. |
divaricate, 9–17 mm. |
Fruits | linear, 1.5–2.5 cm × 1–1.2 mm; ovules 10–14 per ovary; style 1.2–2.5 mm. |
linear, 0.8–1.6 cm × 0.8–1 mm; ovules 16–22 per ovary; style 1.2–1.8 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, 1.2–1.7 × 0.8–1.1 mm. |
brown, oblong to ovoid, 0.9–1.2 × 0.6–0.8 mm. |
Cardamine flagellifera |
Cardamine micranthera |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jun. | Flowering Apr–May. |
Habitat | Moist wooded slopes, gorges, wooded ravines, seepage places | Wet grounds along streams, seepage, gravelly sandbars, moist crevices |
Elevation | 300-1000 m (1000-3300 ft) | |
Distribution |
GA; NC; SC; TN; WV |
NC |
Discussion | Of conservation concern. Cardamine micranthera is known only from Stokes County. It is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 474. | FNA vol. 7, p. 477. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. flagellifera var. hugeri, C. hugeri | |
Name authority | O. E. Schulz: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 405. (1903) | Rollins: Castanea 5: 87. (1940) |
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