Cardamine douglassii |
Cardamine rupicola |
|
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limestone bittercress, pink bitter-cress |
cliff bittercress |
|
Habit | Perennials; hirsute throughout or glabrous proximally. | Perennials; glabrous throughout. |
Rhizomes | (tuberous at stem base), subglobose, (lobed or not), (3–)4–10 mm diam., (fleshy). |
cylindrical, slender, 1–2 mm diam. |
Stems | erect, unbranched, (0.7–)1–2.5(–3) dm, sparsely to densely hirsute, or glabrous basally, (trichomes (0.2–)0.3–0.6(–0.8) mm). |
erect or decumbent at base, unbranched, 0.6–2 dm. |
Rhizomal leaves | simple, (3–)5–15(–18) cm; petiole (2–)4–12(–16) cm; blade often orbicular to cordate, sometimes reniform or ovate, (1–)2–6 cm × (7–)17–50 mm, base obtuse to cordate, margins repand or entire. |
palmately or subpalmately compound, 3 or 5 (or 7)-foliolate, 5.5–17(–22) cm, (fleshy), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole 4–14(–17) cm; lateral leaflets subsessile, blade similar to terminal, sometimes smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.1–0.5 cm), blade ovate to lanceolate or elliptic-oblong, 1–3 cm × 6–17 mm, base cuneate or obtuse, margins entire, (apiculate). |
Cauline leaves | 3–6(–8), simple, petiolate or sessile; (middle) shortly petiolate or (distal) sessile, base not auriculate; blade oblong to ovate or lanceolate, 2–5 cm × 5–25 mm, margins entire, repand, or coarsely dentate. |
2 or 3, 3 or 5-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile; petiole 0.7–4(–8) cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets sessile, blade similar to terminal, smaller; terminal leaflet petiolulate (0.1–0.5 cm), blade elliptic to oblong, or ovate, 1.2–3.5 cm × 4–25 mm, margins entire. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 2.5–4(–6) × 1.5–2.5 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally, (surfaces often hirsute); petals usually rose-purple to pink, rarely white, obovate, (7–)8–13(–15) × 3–5 mm, (short-clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 4–7 mm, lateral pair 2–4 mm; anthers oblong, 1.3–1.7 mm. |
sepals oblong, 3–5 × 1.5–2 mm, lateral pair saccate basally; petals white, obovate, 8–14 × 4–7 mm, (short-clawed, apex rounded or subemarginate); filaments: median pairs 4–5 mm, lateral pair 2.5–3.5 mm; anthers oblong, 1–1.2 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to divaricate, (10–)15–35(–50) mm, sparsely pubescent or glabrous. |
ascending to divaricate, 6–18 mm. |
Fruits | linear, (1.5–)2–4 cm × 1.5–2 mm; ovules 10–16 per ovary; style 2–5 mm. |
linear, 2–4 cm × 1.5–2.2 mm; ovules 10–14 per ovary; style 1–5 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong to ovoid, 1.7–2.5 × 1–5 mm. |
brown, oblong, 1.8–2.2 × 1.2–1.5 mm. |
2n | = 56, 64, 96, 112, 144. |
|
Cardamine douglassii |
Cardamine rupicola |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–May. | Flowering Jul–Aug. |
Habitat | Rich woods, bluffs, mesic bottomland forests, rocky hillsides, floodplains, seepage of bogs, springy areas | Limestone talus slopes, loose limey shale, moist banks |
Elevation | 50-400 m (200-1300 ft) | 2200-2700 m (7200-8900 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; CT; DC; IA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; NC; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SC; TN; VA; WI; WV; ON
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MT |
Discussion | Cardamine rupicola is known from Flathead, Lewis and Clarke, and Missoula counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 473. | FNA vol. 7, p. 483. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Arabis rhomboidea var. purpurea, Dentaria douglassii, Dracamine purpurea, Thlaspi tuberosum | C. californica var. rupicola, Dentaria rupicola |
Name authority | Britton: Trans. New York Acad. Sci. 9: 8. (1889) | (O. E. Schulz) C. L. Hitchcock: in C. L. Hitchcock et al., Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N.W. 2: 474. (1964) |
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