Cardamine douglassii |
Cardamine pattersonii |
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limestone bittercress, pink bitter-cress |
Saddle Mountain bitter-cress |
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Habit | Perennials; hirsute throughout or glabrous proximally. | Annuals or perennials; (short-lived); glabrous throughout. |
Rhizomes | (tuberous at stem base), subglobose, (lobed or not), (3–)4–10 mm diam., (fleshy). |
cylindrical, slender, 0.5–1.5 mm diam. |
Stems | erect, unbranched, (0.7–)1–2.5(–3) dm, sparsely to densely hirsute, or glabrous basally, (trichomes (0.2–)0.3–0.6(–0.8) mm). |
(simple from base), erect, (not flexuous), unbranched or branched basally, 0.6–3 dm. |
Basal leaves | rosulate or not, 3 or 5-foliolate, 1–6 cm, leaflets petiolulate; petiole 0.4–2.5 cm; lateral leaflets similar to terminal, considerably smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.1–0.4 cm), blade obovate to orbicular or subcordate, 0.3–1.5(–2.0) cm × 2.5–16(–18) mm, base obtuse to rounded or cordate, margins entire or dentate to slightly sinuately lobed. |
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Rhizomal leaves | simple, (3–)5–15(–18) cm; petiole (2–)4–12(–16) cm; blade often orbicular to cordate, sometimes reniform or ovate, (1–)2–6 cm × (7–)17–50 mm, base obtuse to cordate, margins repand or entire. |
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Cauline leaves | 3–6(–8), simple, petiolate or sessile; (middle) shortly petiolate or (distal) sessile, base not auriculate; blade oblong to ovate or lanceolate, 2–5 cm × 5–25 mm, margins entire, repand, or coarsely dentate. |
2–4, 3 or 5-foliolate, blade similar to basal, gradually reduced in size as bract, distalmost ones subtending pedicels of flowers (usually simple); leaflet blade or bract linear to linear-oblanceolate, 0.2–0.8 cm. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
bracteate throughout. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 2.5–4(–6) × 1.5–2.5 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally, (surfaces often hirsute); petals usually rose-purple to pink, rarely white, obovate, (7–)8–13(–15) × 3–5 mm, (short-clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 4–7 mm, lateral pair 2–4 mm; anthers oblong, 1.3–1.7 mm. |
sepals oblong, (2–)3 × 0.7(–1) mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals purple or pink, obovate, 6–9 × 3–4 mm, (not clawed); filaments: median pairs 3–3.5 mm, lateral pair 2–2.5 mm; anthers oblong, 0.7–1 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to divaricate, (10–)15–35(–50) mm, sparsely pubescent or glabrous. |
divaricate-ascending, (10–)15–30(–45) mm. |
Fruits | linear, (1.5–)2–4 cm × 1.5–2 mm; ovules 10–16 per ovary; style 2–5 mm. |
linear, (torulose), 2–3 cm × 1–1.5 mm; ovules 14–20 per ovary; style 2–4 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong to ovoid, 1.7–2.5 × 1–5 mm. |
brown, oblong to ovoid, 1.7–2.2 × 1–1.5 mm, (winged distally). |
2n | = 56, 64, 96, 112, 144. |
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Cardamine douglassii |
Cardamine pattersonii |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–May. | Flowering May–Jun. |
Habitat | Rich woods, bluffs, mesic bottomland forests, rocky hillsides, floodplains, seepage of bogs, springy areas | Moist mossy cliffs, rocky slopes, mossy banks |
Elevation | 50-400 m (200-1300 ft) | 800-900 m (2600-3000 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; CT; DC; IA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; NC; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SC; TN; VA; WI; WV; ON
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OR
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Discussion | Of conservation concern. Cardamine pattersonii is known from Saddle Mountain and Onion Peak in Clastop County. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 473. | FNA vol. 7, p. 480. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Arabis rhomboidea var. purpurea, Dentaria douglassii, Dracamine purpurea, Thlaspi tuberosum | |
Name authority | Britton: Trans. New York Acad. Sci. 9: 8. (1889) | L. F. Henderson: Rhodora 32: 25. (1930) |
Web links |