Cardamine douglassii |
Cardamine pachystigma |
|
---|---|---|
limestone bittercress, pink bitter-cress |
rock toothwort, serpentine bittercress |
|
Habit | Perennials; hirsute throughout or glabrous proximally. | Perennials; glabrous. |
Rhizomes | (tuberous at stem base), subglobose, (lobed or not), (3–)4–10 mm diam., (fleshy). |
ovoid to oblong, (3–)4–18 mm diam., (fleshy, deeply underground). |
Stems | erect, unbranched, (0.7–)1–2.5(–3) dm, sparsely to densely hirsute, or glabrous basally, (trichomes (0.2–)0.3–0.6(–0.8) mm). |
erect, unbranched, 1–3 dm. |
Rhizomal leaves | simple, (3–)5–15(–18) cm; petiole (2–)4–12(–16) cm; blade often orbicular to cordate, sometimes reniform or ovate, (1–)2–6 cm × (7–)17–50 mm, base obtuse to cordate, margins repand or entire. |
simple, 1.2–2.3 cm; petiole 6.7–19.5 cm; blade orbicular to reniform, or cordate to broadly ovate, 2.7–5.5 cm × 30–68 mm, base cordate to subtruncate, margins with obtuse teeth terminating in apiculae. |
Cauline leaves | 3–6(–8), simple, petiolate or sessile; (middle) shortly petiolate or (distal) sessile, base not auriculate; blade oblong to ovate or lanceolate, 2–5 cm × 5–25 mm, margins entire, repand, or coarsely dentate. |
2–5, (crowded distally), simple; petiole 0.3–2.6 cm, base not auriculate; blade similar to basal, 1.8–5.5 cm × 12–47mm, base cuneate or obtuse to subcordate, marginal teeth apiculate. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 2.5–4(–6) × 1.5–2.5 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally, (surfaces often hirsute); petals usually rose-purple to pink, rarely white, obovate, (7–)8–13(–15) × 3–5 mm, (short-clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 4–7 mm, lateral pair 2–4 mm; anthers oblong, 1.3–1.7 mm. |
sepals oblong, 4–7 × 2–2.5 mm, lateral pair saccate basally; petals usually pink or purple, rarely white, obovate to oblanceolate, 14–18 × 5–7 mm, (claw to 9 mm, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 7–8 mm, lateral pair 5.5–6.5 mm; anthers oblong, ca. 1.5 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to divaricate, (10–)15–35(–50) mm, sparsely pubescent or glabrous. |
divaricate to ascending, 7–24 mm. |
Fruits | linear, (1.5–)2–4 cm × 1.5–2 mm; ovules 10–16 per ovary; style 2–5 mm. |
linear, 3.2–5.4 cm × 2.2–4 mm; ovules 10–14 per ovary; style 4–7 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong to ovoid, 1.7–2.5 × 1–5 mm. |
brown, broadly ovoid, 2–2.8 × 1.8–2.5 mm. |
2n | = 56, 64, 96, 112, 144. |
|
Cardamine douglassii |
Cardamine pachystigma |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–May. | Flowering Mar–May. |
Habitat | Rich woods, bluffs, mesic bottomland forests, rocky hillsides, floodplains, seepage of bogs, springy areas | Forests, lava slides, talus, cliffs |
Elevation | 50-400 m (200-1300 ft) | 700-2900 m (2300-9500 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; CT; DC; IA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; NC; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SC; TN; VA; WI; WV; ON
|
CA
|
Discussion | Cardamine pachystigma is known from the disjunct counties of Plumas, Tehama, and Tulare. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 473. | FNA vol. 7, p. 480. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Arabis rhomboidea var. purpurea, Dentaria douglassii, Dracamine purpurea, Thlaspi tuberosum | Dentaria californica var. pachystigma, C. californica var. pachystigma, Dentaria corymbosa var. grata, Dentaria pachystigma |
Name authority | Britton: Trans. New York Acad. Sci. 9: 8. (1889) | (S. Watson) Rollins: Harvard Pap. Bot. 1(4): 45. (1993) |
Web links |