Cardamine douglassii |
Cardamine holmgrenii |
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limestone bittercress, pink bitter-cress |
Holmgren's bitter-cress |
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Habit | Perennials; hirsute throughout or glabrous proximally. | Perennials; glabrous throughout. |
Rhizomes | (tuberous at stem base), subglobose, (lobed or not), (3–)4–10 mm diam., (fleshy). |
slender, 0.5–1 mm diam. |
Stems | erect, unbranched, (0.7–)1–2.5(–3) dm, sparsely to densely hirsute, or glabrous basally, (trichomes (0.2–)0.3–0.6(–0.8) mm). |
erect to ascending, branched, 1.5–2 dm. |
Rhizomal leaves | simple, (3–)5–15(–18) cm; petiole (2–)4–12(–16) cm; blade often orbicular to cordate, sometimes reniform or ovate, (1–)2–6 cm × (7–)17–50 mm, base obtuse to cordate, margins repand or entire. |
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Cauline leaves | 3–6(–8), simple, petiolate or sessile; (middle) shortly petiolate or (distal) sessile, base not auriculate; blade oblong to ovate or lanceolate, 2–5 cm × 5–25 mm, margins entire, repand, or coarsely dentate. |
3 or 4, 3- or 5-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate; petiole 0.5–1.7 cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflet blade linear to linear-lanceolate, 0.9–1.5 cm × 1–3 mm, margins entire; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.3–0.5 cm), blade obovate to lanceolate (linear distally), 1.3–2.3 cm × 2–8 mm, base cuneate, margins entire or subapically 1- or 2-toothed. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 2.5–4(–6) × 1.5–2.5 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally, (surfaces often hirsute); petals usually rose-purple to pink, rarely white, obovate, (7–)8–13(–15) × 3–5 mm, (short-clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 4–7 mm, lateral pair 2–4 mm; anthers oblong, 1.3–1.7 mm. |
sepals oblong, 1.2–1.5 × 0.6–0.8 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals white, oblanceolate, 2–2.5 × 0.8–1 mm, (not clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 1.5–1.8 mm, lateral pair 1–1.2 mm; anthers ovate, 0.2–0.3 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to divaricate, (10–)15–35(–50) mm, sparsely pubescent or glabrous. |
ascending to suberect, 5–14 mm. |
Fruits | linear, (1.5–)2–4 cm × 1.5–2 mm; ovules 10–16 per ovary; style 2–5 mm. |
linear, 1–2 cm × ca. 1 mm; ovules 16–24 per ovary; style 0.5–0.7 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong to ovoid, 1.7–2.5 × 1–5 mm. |
brown, oblong, 1.2–1.5 × 0.8–1 mm. |
Rhizomal | and basal leaves absent. |
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2n | = 56, 64, 96, 112, 144. |
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Cardamine douglassii |
Cardamine holmgrenii |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–May. | Flowering Jul–Aug. |
Habitat | Rich woods, bluffs, mesic bottomland forests, rocky hillsides, floodplains, seepage of bogs, springy areas | Boggy slopes |
Elevation | 50-400 m (200-1300 ft) | |
Distribution |
AL; CT; DC; IA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; NC; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SC; TN; VA; WI; WV; ON
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OR |
Discussion | Cardamine holmgrenii is known only from the type collection, from the Blue Mountains in Baker County. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 473. | FNA vol. 7, p. 475. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Arabis rhomboidea var. purpurea, Dentaria douglassii, Dracamine purpurea, Thlaspi tuberosum | |
Name authority | Britton: Trans. New York Acad. Sci. 9: 8. (1889) | Al-Shehbaz: Harvard Pap. Bot. 11: 275. (2007) |
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