Cardamine douglassii |
Cardamine dissecta |
|
---|---|---|
limestone bittercress, pink bitter-cress |
forkleaf toothwort |
|
Habit | Perennials; hirsute throughout or glabrous proximally. | Perennials; glabrous throughout. |
Rhizomes | (tuberous at stem base), subglobose, (lobed or not), (3–)4–10 mm diam., (fleshy). |
(tuberiform, fragile), moniliform, segments oblong, 3–5 mm diam., (fleshy). |
Stems | erect, unbranched, (0.7–)1–2.5(–3) dm, sparsely to densely hirsute, or glabrous basally, (trichomes (0.2–)0.3–0.6(–0.8) mm). |
erect, unbranched, 1–3.5 dm. |
Rhizomal leaves | simple, (3–)5–15(–18) cm; petiole (2–)4–12(–16) cm; blade often orbicular to cordate, sometimes reniform or ovate, (1–)2–6 cm × (7–)17–50 mm, base obtuse to cordate, margins repand or entire. |
palmately compound (biternate), 7–20 cm, leaflets petiolulate; petiole 4–13 cm; lateral leaflets similar to terminal, blade sometimes smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 1–3(–4) cm), blade ternately or pinnately lobed, (distal segment) linear, 0.7–3.5 cm × 0.6–3 mm, base attenuate to cuneate, margins entire (apiculate). |
Cauline leaves | 3–6(–8), simple, petiolate or sessile; (middle) shortly petiolate or (distal) sessile, base not auriculate; blade oblong to ovate or lanceolate, 2–5 cm × 5–25 mm, margins entire, repand, or coarsely dentate. |
(2 or) 3, palmately compound (biternate, similar to rhizomal leaves, alternate to subopposite), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate; petiole (0.5–)1–4(–5.5) cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets similar to terminal; terminal leaflet (petiolule (0.3–)0.7–1.5(–2.5) cm), blade (ternate, distal segment) linear, (0.4–)1.5–5(–6.5) cm × 0.7–4(–6) mm, base cuneate to attenuate, margins entire. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 2.5–4(–6) × 1.5–2.5 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally, (surfaces often hirsute); petals usually rose-purple to pink, rarely white, obovate, (7–)8–13(–15) × 3–5 mm, (short-clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 4–7 mm, lateral pair 2–4 mm; anthers oblong, 1.3–1.7 mm. |
sepals oblong, 4–6 × 1.5–2 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals white to pale pink, oblanceolate, 9–15 × 2–4 mm, (not clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 6–7.5 mm, lateral pair 3–5 mm; anthers linear, 1.5–2.5 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to divaricate, (10–)15–35(–50) mm, sparsely pubescent or glabrous. |
ascending to divaricate, 10–25(–35) mm. |
Fruits | linear, (1.5–)2–4 cm × 1.5–2 mm; ovules 10–16 per ovary; style 2–5 mm. |
linear-lanceolate, 2–3.5 cm × 1.5–2 mm; ovules 10–14 per ovary; style 4–7(–10) mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong to ovoid, 1.7–2.5 × 1–5 mm. |
brown, oblong, 1.5–2.5 × 1–1.5 mm. |
2n | = 56, 64, 96, 112, 144. |
= 64, 112. |
Cardamine douglassii |
Cardamine dissecta |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–May. | Flowering Mar–May. |
Habitat | Rich woods, bluffs, mesic bottomland forests, rocky hillsides, floodplains, seepage of bogs, springy areas | Oak-hickory woods, moist loamy areas, floodplain woods, bluffs, rocky calcareous woods, limestone slopes, along streams |
Elevation | 50-400 m (200-1300 ft) | 0-300 m (0-1000 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; CT; DC; IA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; NC; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SC; TN; VA; WI; WV; ON
|
AL; GA; IN; KY; NC; OH; TN
|
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 473. | FNA vol. 7, p. 473. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Arabis rhomboidea var. purpurea, Dentaria douglassii, Dracamine purpurea, Thlaspi tuberosum | Dentaria dissecta, C. angustata var. multifida, C. laciniata subsp. multifida, Dentaria furcata, Dentaria heterophylla var. multifida, Dentaria laciniata var. multifida, Dentaria multifida |
Name authority | Britton: Trans. New York Acad. Sci. 9: 8. (1889) | (Leavenworth) Al-Shehbaz: J. Arnold Arbor. 69: 82. (1988) |
Web links |