Cardamine douglassii |
Cardamine constancei |
|
---|---|---|
limestone bittercress, pink bitter-cress |
Constance's bittercress |
|
Habit | Perennials; hirsute throughout or glabrous proximally. | Perennials; glabrous or sparsely hirsute. |
Rhizomes | (tuberous at stem base), subglobose, (lobed or not), (3–)4–10 mm diam., (fleshy). |
cylindrical, slender, to 2 mm diam. |
Stems | erect, unbranched, (0.7–)1–2.5(–3) dm, sparsely to densely hirsute, or glabrous basally, (trichomes (0.2–)0.3–0.6(–0.8) mm). |
erect, unbranched, 1.5–5 dm, glabrous or sparsely hirsute basally. |
Rhizomal leaves | simple, (3–)5–15(–18) cm; petiole (2–)4–12(–16) cm; blade often orbicular to cordate, sometimes reniform or ovate, (1–)2–6 cm × (7–)17–50 mm, base obtuse to cordate, margins repand or entire. |
absent. |
Cauline leaves | 3–6(–8), simple, petiolate or sessile; (middle) shortly petiolate or (distal) sessile, base not auriculate; blade oblong to ovate or lanceolate, 2–5 cm × 5–25 mm, margins entire, repand, or coarsely dentate. |
4–7, simple, (crowded distally), petiolate; petiole (0.5–)1–4(–5) cm, base not auriculate; blade usually broadly ovate or ovate-lanceolate to ovate-elliptic, rarely obovate, 5–13 cm × 20–65 mm, base cuneate, margins coarsely serrate (with apiculae), or repand to undulate (margins minutely pubescent, apex acute). |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 2.5–4(–6) × 1.5–2.5 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally, (surfaces often hirsute); petals usually rose-purple to pink, rarely white, obovate, (7–)8–13(–15) × 3–5 mm, (short-clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 4–7 mm, lateral pair 2–4 mm; anthers oblong, 1.3–1.7 mm. |
sepals oblong, 6–8 × 2–2.5 mm, lateral pair slightly saccate basally; petals pink, oblanceolate, 15–28 × 5–8 mm, (claw to 10 mm, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 8–10 mm, lateral pair 4–6 mm; anthers linear, 2–3 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to divaricate, (10–)15–35(–50) mm, sparsely pubescent or glabrous. |
divaricate-ascending to suberect, 10–22 mm. |
Fruits | linear, (1.5–)2–4 cm × 1.5–2 mm; ovules 10–16 per ovary; style 2–5 mm. |
linear, 2.5–3.5(–5) cm × 1.9–2.1 mm; ovules 12–16 per ovary; style 2–3.5 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong to ovoid, 1.7–2.5 × 1–5 mm. |
brown, oblong, 2–2.5 × 1.2–1.5 mm. |
2n | = 56, 64, 96, 112, 144. |
|
Cardamine douglassii |
Cardamine constancei |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–May. | Flowering May–Jun. |
Habitat | Rich woods, bluffs, mesic bottomland forests, rocky hillsides, floodplains, seepage of bogs, springy areas | Moist cliffs, wooded creek bottoms, shaded draws, hillsides, moist woods, mixed coniferous forests, granitic soils |
Elevation | 50-400 m (200-1300 ft) | 400-600 m (1300-2000 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; CT; DC; IA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; NC; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SC; TN; VA; WI; WV; ON
|
ID
|
Discussion | Cardamine constancei is known from Clearwater, Idaho, Kootenai, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 473. | FNA vol. 7, p. 471. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Arabis rhomboidea var. purpurea, Dentaria douglassii, Dracamine purpurea, Thlaspi tuberosum | |
Name authority | Britton: Trans. New York Acad. Sci. 9: 8. (1889) | Detling: Madroño 3: 176, plate 9. (1935) |
Web links |