Cardamine dissecta |
Brassicaceae tribe Cardamineae |
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forkleaf toothwort |
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Habit | Perennials; glabrous throughout. | Annuals, biennials, or perennials; eglandular. |
Rhizomes | (tuberiform, fragile), moniliform, segments oblong, 3–5 mm diam., (fleshy). |
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Stems | erect, unbranched, 1–3.5 dm. |
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Rhizomal leaves | palmately compound (biternate), 7–20 cm, leaflets petiolulate; petiole 4–13 cm; lateral leaflets similar to terminal, blade sometimes smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 1–3(–4) cm), blade ternately or pinnately lobed, (distal segment) linear, 0.7–3.5 cm × 0.6–3 mm, base attenuate to cuneate, margins entire (apiculate). |
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Cauline leaves | (2 or) 3, palmately compound (biternate, similar to rhizomal leaves, alternate to subopposite), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate; petiole (0.5–)1–4(–5.5) cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets similar to terminal; terminal leaflet (petiolule (0.3–)0.7–1.5(–2.5) cm), blade (ternate, distal segment) linear, (0.4–)1.5–5(–6.5) cm × 0.7–4(–6) mm, base cuneate to attenuate, margins entire. |
(rarely absent), usually petiolate, sometimes sessile; blade (simple or compound), base auriculate or not, margins entire or dentate to pinnately lobed. |
Trichomes | absent or simple. |
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Racemes | ebracteate. |
usually ebracteate (Selenia bracteate throughout), often elongated in fruit. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 4–6 × 1.5–2 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals white to pale pink, oblanceolate, 9–15 × 2–4 mm, (not clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 6–7.5 mm, lateral pair 3–5 mm; anthers linear, 1.5–2.5 mm. |
actinomorphic; sepals erect to spreading or ascending, lateral pair seldom saccate basally; petals white, yellow, pink, lilac, or purple, claw usually present, rarely absent, often distinct; filaments unappendaged, not winged; pollen 3-colpate. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to divaricate, 10–25(–35) mm. |
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Fruits | linear-lanceolate, 2–3.5 cm × 1.5–2 mm; ovules 10–14 per ovary; style 4–7(–10) mm. |
silicles or siliques, dehiscent, unsegmented, terete, 4-angled, or latiseptate, rarely angustiseptate; ovules 4–300[–numerous] per ovary; style distinct or obsolete (absent in Subularia); stigma usually entire. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, 1.5–2.5 × 1–1.5 mm. |
biseriate or uniseriate; cotyledons usually accumbent, sometimes incumbent. |
2n | = 64, 112. |
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Cardamine dissecta |
Brassicaceae tribe Cardamineae |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–May. | |
Habitat | Oak-hickory woods, moist loamy areas, floodplain woods, bluffs, rocky calcareous woods, limestone slopes, along streams | |
Elevation | 0-300 m (0-1000 ft) | |
Distribution |
AL; GA; IN; KY; NC; OH; TN
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Nearly worldwide |
Discussion | Genera 12, species ca. 335 (10 genera, 85 species in the flora). The assignment of Subularia to Cardamineae is provisional and based solely on morphology. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 473. | FNA vol. 7, p. 458. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | Dentaria dissecta, C. angustata var. multifida, C. laciniata subsp. multifida, Dentaria furcata, Dentaria heterophylla var. multifida, Dentaria laciniata var. multifida, Dentaria multifida | |
Name authority | (Leavenworth) Al-Shehbaz: J. Arnold Arbor. 69: 82. (1988) | Dumortier: Fl. Belg., 124. (1827) |
Web links |