Cardamine digitata |
Cardamine penduliflora |
|
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Richardson's bittercress |
wetlands bitter-cress, Willamette Valley bitter-cress |
|
Habit | Perennials; glabrous throughout. | Perennials; glabrous throughout. |
Rhizomes | cylindrical, slender, 0.5–1.5 mm diam. |
(tuberiform, fragile), 4–9(–11) mm diam., (fleshy). |
Stems | erect, unbranched, (0.6–)1–2(–3) dm. |
erect or decumbent at base, unbranched, 2–6(–7.5) dm. |
Rhizomal leaves | pinnately 5 or 7-foliolate, (2–)4–10 cm, (not fleshy), leaflets sessile; petiole (1.5–)3–7(–9) cm; lateral leaflets similar to terminal, blade sometimes smaller; terminal leaflet blade linear to narrowly oblong or narrowly lanceolate, (0.5–)1–2.5(–3.3) cm × 0.5–4(–8) mm, base cuneate to attenuate, margins entire. |
5–13-foliolate, (4–)10–18(–25) cm, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole (3–)5–12(–17) cm; lateral leaflets subsessile, blade similar to terminal, sometimes smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.4–0.7 cm), blade oblong to elliptic or ovate, (0.4–)0.7–1.7(–2) cm, base cuneate or obtuse, margins entire or obscurely 3-lobed. |
Cauline leaves | (1 or) 2 or 3, 5 or 7-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets sessile; petiole (0.2–)0.5–1.2(–1.5) cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets similar to terminal, blade smaller; terminal leaflet blade narrowly lanceolate to linear, 1–3.2(–4) cm × 0.8–2.5(–3.5) mm, base cuneate to attenuate, margins entire (apex acute to acuminate). |
2–6, 5–11-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile; petiole 3–10 cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets sessile, blade similar to terminal, smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.5–1.5 cm), blade narrowly ovate or oblong to oblanceolate, 1.5–3.5 cm × 2–15 mm, margins entire or toothed to 3-lobed. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals ovate, 2.5–3.5 × 1.5–2.5 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals white, obovate, 5–9 × 2.5–5 mm (clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 3–4.5 mm, lateral pair 1.5–2.5 mm; anthers oblong, 1–1.5 mm. |
sepals oblong to ovate, 3.5–5 × 1.8–2.5 mm, lateral pair saccate basally; petals white, obovate, 12–16 × 6–8 mm, (not clawed, apex rounded or subemarginate); filaments: median pairs 6–7 mm, lateral pair 4–5 mm; anthers oblong, 1.5–1.8 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | suberect to divaricate-ascending, (7–)10–25 mm. |
ascending to divaricate, (10–)20–40(–60) mm. |
Fruits | linear, (1.5–)2–4 cm × 1.5–2 mm; ovules 6–12 per ovary; style (1–)1.5–2.5(–4) mm. |
linear, 2.5–4.5 cm × 1.4–2 mm; ovules 12–24 per ovary; style 4–6 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, 1.8–2.2 × 0.9–1.1 mm. |
brown, oblong, 1.8–2 × 1–1.5 mm. |
2n | = 28, 42. |
|
Cardamine digitata |
Cardamine penduliflora |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | Flowering Mar–May. |
Habitat | Damp flats, stream banks, tundra, meadows, bluffs, hummocks, sandy beaches, slopes, mossy mats, sedge swales | Shallow pools, wet grounds, marshes, meadows, creeks, channels, swampy woods |
Elevation | 0-1400 m (0-4600 ft) | 50-150 m (200-500 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; NT; YT; ne Asia (Russian Far East, Siberia) |
OR
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Discussion | Cardamine penduliflora is known from Douglas County north into Benton, Lane, Marion, Polk, and Yamhill counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 472. | FNA vol. 7, p. 481. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. digitata var. oxyphylla, C. hyperborea, C. hyperborea var. oxyphylla, C. richardsonii | C. rariflora |
Name authority | Richardson: in J. Franklin, Narr. Journey Polar Sea, 743. (1823) | O. E. Schulz: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 538. (1903) |
Web links |