Cardamine concatenata |
Cardamine longii |
|
---|---|---|
cut-leaf toothwort |
long's bitter-cress |
|
Habit | Perennials; usually sparsely pubescent, sometimes glabrous. | Perennials; glabrous throughout. |
Rhizomes | (tuberiform, fragile), moniliform, segments fusiform, 2–10(–20) mm diam. (fleshy). |
cylindrical, slender, 0.8–1.5 mm diam. |
Stems | erect, unbranched, (1–)2–4(–5.5) dm, glabrous or pubescent distally. |
prostrate to decumbent or erect, unbranched or branched, 0.5–4(–6) dm. |
Rhizomal leaves | 3-foliolate, (7–)10–20(–30) cm, leaflets sessile; petiole (4–)7–18(–25) cm; lateral leaflets similar to terminal, blade sometimes smaller; terminal leaflet blade oblong, lanceolate, oblanceolate, or linear, 2.5–6 cm, base cuneate, margins coarsely dentate to incised, laciniate, or 3-lobed (lobes usually toothed to incised, rarely entire, surfaces puberulent or not, trichomes 0.2–0.3 mm). |
absent. |
Cauline leaves | (2 or) 3, 3-foliolate (usually whorled or opposite, rarely alternate, similar in morphology to rhizomal leaves), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole (1–)1.5–6(–7.5) cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets sessile, blade similar to terminal, sometimes smaller; terminal leaflet subsessile or petiolulate (to 3 cm), blade lanceolate, linear, or oblanceolate, (3–)4–10(–12) cm × (3–)5–20(–25) mm, margins usually coarsely dentate to incised, rarely subentire (margins minutely puberulent). |
3–10, usually simple, rarely 3 or 5-foliolate, petiolate; petiolulate or sessile; petiole 0.4–2.5 cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets (when present) sessile or petiolulate (to 0.2 cm), blade similar to terminal, considerably smaller; terminal leaflet blade orbicular to reniform or ovate to oblong, 0.4–3 cm × 3–20 mm, (somewhat fleshy), base subcordate to rounded or subtruncate, margins entire or repand, rarely undulate, (apex rounded). |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, (4–)5–8 × 2–4 mm, lateral pair slightly saccate basally; petals white to pale pink, oblanceolate, (8–)10–20 × (3–)4–7(–9) mm, (short-clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 8–12 mm, lateral pair 6–8 mm; anthers oblong-linear, 1.5–2.5 mm. |
sepals ovate, 0.7–1.2 × 0.5–0.7 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals absent or rudimentary, to 0.7 mm; filaments 0.5–0.8 mm; anthers ovate, 0.1–0.2 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to divaricate, (6–)10–27(–33) mm. |
divaricate-ascending to spreading, 0.5–2(–4) mm. |
Fruits | linear-lanceolate, (2–)2.5–3.8(–4.8) cm × 1.5–3 mm; (valves glabrous or sparsely pubescent); ovules 10–14 per ovary; style (2–)5–9(–12) mm. |
narrowly oblong to linear, (3–)5–10(–15) × 0.8–1.2 mm; ovules 6–22 per ovary; style 0.2–0.5(–1) mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, 1.6–3 × 1.8–2 mm. |
light or yellowish brown, oblong or ovoid, 1–1.4 × 0.7–1 mm. |
2n | = 128–256. |
|
Cardamine concatenata |
Cardamine longii |
|
Phenology | Flowering Feb–May. | Flowering Jun–Sep. |
Habitat | Wooded bottoms and bluffs, rich woods, limestone cliffs and outcrops, rocky banks, mesic forests, moist areas with leaf litter, floodplain woods | Tidal marshes, mud flats, tidal shores of rivers, shallow water, swampy areas, shady rocky crevices covered at high tide |
Elevation | 0-1000 m (0-3300 ft) | 0-10 m (0-0 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; ON; QC
|
FL; MA; MD; ME; NC; NJ; NY; SC; VA |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 470. | FNA vol. 7, p. 476. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Dentaria concatenata, C. laciniata var. integra, C. laciniata var. lasiocarpa, Dentaria laciniata, Dentaria laciniata var. alterna, Dentaria laciniata var. coalescens, Dentaria laciniata var. integra, Dentaria laciniata var. latifolia, Dentaria laciniata var. opposita | |
Name authority | (Michaux) O. Schwarz: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 46: 188. (1939) | Fernald: Rhodora 19: 91. (1917) |
Web links |