Cardamine clematitis |
Cardamine rupicola |
|
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small mountain bittercress |
cliff bittercress |
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Habit | Perennials; glabrous throughout. | Perennials; glabrous throughout. |
Rhizomes | cylindrical, slender, 1–3 mm diam. |
cylindrical, slender, 1–2 mm diam. |
Stems | erect, unbranched or rarely branched distally, (0.8–)1–2.5(–3.5) dm. |
erect or decumbent at base, unbranched, 0.6–2 dm. |
Rhizomal leaves | simple or 3-foliolate, (1.5–)3–8 cm, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole (1–)2–6 cm; lateral leaflets subsessile, blade similar to terminal, much smaller; terminal leaflet petiolulate (to 1 cm), blade reniform to cordate, (0.5–)1–2 cm, base cordate, margins entire or 3-lobed. |
palmately or subpalmately compound, 3 or 5 (or 7)-foliolate, 5.5–17(–22) cm, (fleshy), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole 4–14(–17) cm; lateral leaflets subsessile, blade similar to terminal, sometimes smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.1–0.5 cm), blade ovate to lanceolate or elliptic-oblong, 1–3 cm × 6–17 mm, base cuneate or obtuse, margins entire, (apiculate). |
Cauline leaves | 3–7, 3-foliolate (or distalmost simple), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile; petiole 0.7–3.5 cm, base auriculate (auricle 0.7–5 mm); lateral leaflets sessile or petiolulate (to 0.5 cm), blade oblong to ovate or oblong; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.5–1 cm), blade broadly ovate to suborbicular or reniform, 1.5–4 cm × 15–35 mm, margins often 3 or 5-lobed (lobe apex minutely apiculate, glabrous on margin). |
2 or 3, 3 or 5-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile; petiole 0.7–4(–8) cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets sessile, blade similar to terminal, smaller; terminal leaflet petiolulate (0.1–0.5 cm), blade elliptic to oblong, or ovate, 1.2–3.5 cm × 4–25 mm, margins entire. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 2.5–3 × 1–1.5 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals white, oblanceolate, 6–8 × 2–3 mm (not clawed, apex obtuse to subemarginate); filaments: median pairs 3.5–4 mm, lateral pair 2–2.5 mm; anthers ovate, ca. 0.7 mm. |
sepals oblong, 3–5 × 1.5–2 mm, lateral pair saccate basally; petals white, obovate, 8–14 × 4–7 mm, (short-clawed, apex rounded or subemarginate); filaments: median pairs 4–5 mm, lateral pair 2.5–3.5 mm; anthers oblong, 1–1.2 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate-ascending, (7–)10–17 mm. |
ascending to divaricate, 6–18 mm. |
Fruits | linear, (1.5–)2–3.5(–4) cm × 1.3–1.7 mm; ovules 10–16 per ovary; style 2–4 mm. |
linear, 2–4 cm × 1.5–2.2 mm; ovules 10–14 per ovary; style 1–5 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, 1.7–2 × 1–1.2 mm. |
brown, oblong, 1.8–2.2 × 1.2–1.5 mm. |
Cardamine clematitis |
Cardamine rupicola |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Jun. | Flowering Jul–Aug. |
Habitat | Wet areas, springs, moist slopes | Limestone talus slopes, loose limey shale, moist banks |
Elevation | 1300-1800 m (4300-5900 ft) | 2200-2700 m (7200-8900 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; NC; TN; VA |
MT |
Discussion | Cardamine rupicola is known from Flathead, Lewis and Clarke, and Missoula counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 470. | FNA vol. 7, p. 483. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. californica var. rupicola, Dentaria rupicola | |
Name authority | Shuttleworth ex A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 15: 45. (1880) | (O. E. Schulz) C. L. Hitchcock: in C. L. Hitchcock et al., Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N.W. 2: 474. (1964) |
Web links |