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small mountain bittercress

Holmgren's bitter-cress

Habit Perennials; glabrous throughout. Perennials; glabrous throughout.
Rhizomes

cylindrical, slender, 1–3 mm diam.

slender, 0.5–1 mm diam.

Stems

erect, unbranched or rarely branched distally, (0.8–)1–2.5(–3.5) dm.

erect to ascending, branched, 1.5–2 dm.

Rhizomal leaves

simple or 3-foliolate, (1.5–)3–8 cm, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile;

petiole (1–)2–6 cm;

lateral leaflets subsessile, blade similar to terminal, much smaller;

terminal leaflet petiolulate (to 1 cm), blade reniform to cordate, (0.5–)1–2 cm, base cordate, margins entire or 3-lobed.

Cauline leaves

3–7, 3-foliolate (or distalmost simple), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile;

petiole 0.7–3.5 cm, base auriculate (auricle 0.7–5 mm);

lateral leaflets sessile or petiolulate (to 0.5 cm), blade oblong to ovate or oblong;

terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.5–1 cm), blade broadly ovate to suborbicular or reniform, 1.5–4 cm × 15–35 mm, margins often 3 or 5-lobed (lobe apex minutely apiculate, glabrous on margin).

3 or 4, 3- or 5-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate;

petiole 0.5–1.7 cm, base not auriculate;

lateral leaflet blade linear to linear-lanceolate, 0.9–1.5 cm × 1–3 mm, margins entire;

terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.3–0.5 cm), blade obovate to lanceolate (linear distally), 1.3–2.3 cm × 2–8 mm, base cuneate, margins entire or subapically 1- or 2-toothed.

Racemes

ebracteate.

ebracteate.

Flowers

sepals oblong, 2.5–3 × 1–1.5 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally;

petals white, oblanceolate, 6–8 × 2–3 mm (not clawed, apex obtuse to subemarginate);

filaments: median pairs 3.5–4 mm, lateral pair 2–2.5 mm;

anthers ovate, ca. 0.7 mm.

sepals oblong, 1.2–1.5 × 0.6–0.8 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally;

petals white, oblanceolate, 2–2.5 × 0.8–1 mm, (not clawed, apex rounded);

filaments: median pairs 1.5–1.8 mm, lateral pair 1–1.2 mm;

anthers ovate, 0.2–0.3 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

divaricate-ascending, (7–)10–17 mm.

ascending to suberect, 5–14 mm.

Fruits

linear, (1.5–)2–3.5(–4) cm × 1.3–1.7 mm;

ovules 10–16 per ovary;

style 2–4 mm.

linear, 1–2 cm × ca. 1 mm;

ovules 16–24 per ovary;

style 0.5–0.7 mm.

Seeds

brown, oblong, 1.7–2 × 1–1.2 mm.

brown, oblong, 1.2–1.5 × 0.8–1 mm.

Rhizomal

and basal leaves absent.

Cardamine clematitis

Cardamine holmgrenii

Phenology Flowering May–Jun. Flowering Jul–Aug.
Habitat Wet areas, springs, moist slopes Boggy slopes
Elevation 1300-1800 m (4300-5900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; NC; TN; VA
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
OR
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Cardamine holmgrenii is known only from the type collection, from the Blue Mountains in Baker County.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 470. FNA vol. 7, p. 475.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine
Sibling taxa
C. angulata, C. angustata, C. bellidifolia, C. blaisdellii, C. breweri, C. bulbosa, C. californica, C. concatenata, C. constancei, C. cordifolia, C. digitata, C. diphylla, C. dissecta, C. douglassii, C. flagellifera, C. flexuosa, C. hirsuta, C. holmgrenii, C. impatiens, C. longii, C. macrocarpa, C. maxima, C. micranthera, C. microphylla, C. nuttallii, C. nymanii, C. occidentalis, C. oligosperma, C. pachystigma, C. parviflora, C. pattersonii, C. penduliflora, C. pensylvanica, C. pratensis, C. purpurea, C. rotundifolia, C. rupicola, C. umbellata
C. angulata, C. angustata, C. bellidifolia, C. blaisdellii, C. breweri, C. bulbosa, C. californica, C. clematitis, C. concatenata, C. constancei, C. cordifolia, C. digitata, C. diphylla, C. dissecta, C. douglassii, C. flagellifera, C. flexuosa, C. hirsuta, C. impatiens, C. longii, C. macrocarpa, C. maxima, C. micranthera, C. microphylla, C. nuttallii, C. nymanii, C. occidentalis, C. oligosperma, C. pachystigma, C. parviflora, C. pattersonii, C. penduliflora, C. pensylvanica, C. pratensis, C. purpurea, C. rotundifolia, C. rupicola, C. umbellata
Name authority Shuttleworth ex A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 15: 45. (1880) Al-Shehbaz: Harvard Pap. Bot. 11: 275. (2007)
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