Cardamine clematitis |
Cardamine bellidifolia |
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small mountain bittercress |
alpine bitter-cress |
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Habit | Perennials; glabrous throughout. | Perennials (somewhat cespitose, subscapose); glabrous throughout. |
Rhizomes | cylindrical, slender, 1–3 mm diam. |
absent (caudex usually with slender, rarely stout, rhizomelike branches). |
Stems | erect, unbranched or rarely branched distally, (0.8–)1–2.5(–3.5) dm. |
erect to ascending, branched (several), 0.1–0.8(–1.4) dm, glabrous. |
Basal leaves | rosulate, simple, (0.6–)1.2–5(–7) cm; petiole (3–)1–3.5(–5.5) cm; blade usually ovate to oblong, rarely oblanceolate to obovate, (0.4–)0.8–1.7(–2.5) cm × (2–)5–10(–16) mm, base cuneate to obtuse, margins usually entire, rarely repand or obtusely small-toothed (apex obtuse). |
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Rhizomal leaves | simple or 3-foliolate, (1.5–)3–8 cm, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole (1–)2–6 cm; lateral leaflets subsessile, blade similar to terminal, much smaller; terminal leaflet petiolulate (to 1 cm), blade reniform to cordate, (0.5–)1–2 cm, base cordate, margins entire or 3-lobed. |
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Cauline leaves | 3–7, 3-foliolate (or distalmost simple), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile; petiole 0.7–3.5 cm, base auriculate (auricle 0.7–5 mm); lateral leaflets sessile or petiolulate (to 0.5 cm), blade oblong to ovate or oblong; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.5–1 cm), blade broadly ovate to suborbicular or reniform, 1.5–4 cm × 15–35 mm, margins often 3 or 5-lobed (lobe apex minutely apiculate, glabrous on margin). |
0 or 1 (or 2), simple, shortly petiolate; petiole base not auriculate; blade similar to basal leaves, much smaller. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 2.5–3 × 1–1.5 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals white, oblanceolate, 6–8 × 2–3 mm (not clawed, apex obtuse to subemarginate); filaments: median pairs 3.5–4 mm, lateral pair 2–2.5 mm; anthers ovate, ca. 0.7 mm. |
sepals oblong, 2–3(–4) × 0.8–1.5(–2) mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals white, oblanceolate, 4–5.5(–7) × 1.3–2(–2.5) mm (not clawed, apex rounded or emarginate); filaments: median pairs 2.5–4 mm, lateral pair 2–3 mm; anthers oblong, 0.5–0.9 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate-ascending, (7–)10–17 mm. |
ascending to erect, 3–6(–8) mm. |
Fruits | linear, (1.5–)2–3.5(–4) cm × 1.3–1.7 mm; ovules 10–16 per ovary; style 2–4 mm. |
linear, (0.8–)1.3–2.8(–3.7) cm × 1.3–2 mm; ovules 8–18 per ovary; style 0.5–3 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, 1.7–2 × 1–1.2 mm. |
brown, oblong, 1.5–2 × 0.9–1.2 mm. |
2n | = 16. |
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Cardamine clematitis |
Cardamine bellidifolia |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jun. | Flowering Jun–Sep. |
Habitat | Wet areas, springs, moist slopes | Mossy areas, tundra, marshes at stream headwaters, cliffs, talus slopes, barren chert slopes, moist rock crevices, rocky slopes, alpine streams, sandy beaches, moist rocky streambeds |
Elevation | 1300-1800 m (4300-5900 ft) | 0-2300 m (0-7500 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; NC; TN; VA |
AK; CA; ME; NH; OR; WA; AB; BC; LB; NT; NU; QC; YT; Greenland; n Europe; Asia (Russian Far East, Siberia)
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 470. | FNA vol. 7, p. 468. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. bellidifolia var. beringensis, C. bellidifolia var. laxa, C. bellidifolia var. pachyphylla, C. bellidifolia var. pinnatifida | |
Name authority | Shuttleworth ex A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 15: 45. (1880) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 654. (1753) |
Web links |
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