Cardamine bulbosa |
Cardamine flagellifera |
|
---|---|---|
bulb bittercress, bulbous bitter-cress, spring cress |
Blue Ridge bittercress |
|
Habit | Perennials; glabrous or sparsely pubescent distally. | Perennials; hirsute or pilose proximally, sparsely pubescent or glabrous distally. |
Rhizomes | (tuberous at stem base, sometimes also at intervals) subglobose, lobed, 4–15 mm diam. (fleshy). |
swollen, compact at stem base, (fleshy, stolons many, slender, ca. 1 mm diam., pubescent or glabrous). |
Stems | erect, unbranched, (1–)2–6 dm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent on distal 1/2 (trichomes 0.02–0.1 mm). |
erect, usually unbranched, rarely branched distally, 1–2.5 dm, sparsely to densely hirsute or pilose proximally, sparsely so or glabrous distally. |
Rhizomal leaves | simple, (2–)4–13(–16) cm; petiole (1.5–)2.5–10(–13) cm; blade usually reniform to cordate or ovate, rarely oblong, (1–)2–4(–6) cm, base obtuse to cordate, margins usually repand or entire, rarely shallowly dentate. |
usually simple, rarely 3-foliolate, (3–)6–16 cm, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole (1.5–)4–13 cm; lateral leaflets subsessile or petiolulate (to 0.5 cm), blade similar to terminal, much smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.5–2 cm), blade orbicular to reniform or broadly ovate, (1–)1.5–4.5 cm, base cordate, margins repand to coarsely crenate, (apiculate at vein endings, surfaces sparsely pubescent or glabrous). |
Cauline leaves | (2–)4–10(–14), simple, petiolate or sessile; (middle ones) shortly petiolate or (distally) sessile, base not auriculate; blade ovate to oblong, or oblong-linear to lanceolate, 3–6(–9) cm × 10–30(–45) mm, margins entire, repand, or dentate (margins minutely pubescent). |
2–5, 3 or 5-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole 0.8–5 cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets sessile or petiolulate (to 0.5 cm), blade similar to terminal, smaller; terminal leaflet petiolulate (0.5–1.5 cm), blade broadly ovate to suborbicular, 1.5–4(–5) cm × 12–35 mm, margins repand to coarsely crenate or slightly lobed, (apiculate at vein endings, margins glabrous). |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 2.5–4.5 × 1.5–2 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally, (glabrous); petals usually white, rarely pale pink, obovate, (6–)7–12(–16) × 3–5 mm, (short-clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 4.5–7 mm, lateral pair 2–3.5 mm; anthers oblong, 1–1.5 mm. |
sepals (ascending) oblong, 3–3.5 × 1–1.5 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals white, oblanceolate, 5–6.5(–8) × 1.5–2.5 mm, (not clawed, apex obtuse to subemarginate); filaments: median pairs 3.5–5 mm, lateral pair 2.5–3 mm; anthers oblong, 1.2–1.6 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to divaricate, (10–)15–22(–30) mm. |
ascending to divaricate-ascending, 7–20 mm. |
Fruits | linear, 2–3.5(–4) cm × 1.4–1.7 mm; ovules 14–24 per ovary; style 2–4(–5) mm. |
linear, 1.5–2.5 cm × 1–1.2 mm; ovules 10–14 per ovary; style 1.2–2.5 mm. |
Seeds | dark orange to greenish yellow, oblong or globose, 1.7–2.1 × 1–1.4 mm. |
brown, oblong, 1.2–1.7 × 0.8–1.1 mm. |
2n | = 16, 56, 64, 80, 96, 112. |
|
Cardamine bulbosa |
Cardamine flagellifera |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jun. | Flowering Mar–Jun. |
Habitat | Wet grounds, low woodland, moss hummocks, alluvial woods, grassy floodplains, wet pastures, meadows, pinelands, creek bottoms, stream banks, sandy bottoms, ditches, mesic or wet forests, swamps, marshes, seepy bluffs | Moist wooded slopes, gorges, wooded ravines, seepage places |
Elevation | 0-900 m (0-3000 ft) | 300-1000 m (1000-3300 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; MB; ON; QC
|
GA; NC; SC; TN; WV |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 469. | FNA vol. 7, p. 474. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Arabis bulbosa, Arabis rhomboidea, C. rhomboidea, C. rhomboidea var. hirsuta, C. rhomboidea var. parviflora, C. rhomboidea var. pilosa, Dentaria rhomboidea, Dracamine bulbosa | C. flagellifera var. hugeri, C. hugeri |
Name authority | (Schreber ex Muhlenberg) Britton: Prelim. Cat., 4. (1888) | O. E. Schulz: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 405. (1903) |
Web links |