Cardamine angustata |
Cardamine rupicola |
|
---|---|---|
slender toothwort |
cliff bittercress |
|
Habit | Perennials; usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent. | Perennials; glabrous throughout. |
Rhizomes | (tuberiform, fragile) moniliform, segments fusiform, 3–6 mm diam. (fleshy). |
cylindrical, slender, 1–2 mm diam. |
Stems | erect, unbranched, 1.2–3(–4) dm, glabrous or pubescent. |
erect or decumbent at base, unbranched, 0.6–2 dm. |
Rhizomal leaves | 3-foliolate, to 24 cm, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole (3–)5–12(–16) cm; lateral leaflets subsessile or petiolulate (0.2–1 cm), blade similar to terminal leaflet or smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule) (0.2–)0.5–1.5(–2) cm, blade broadly ovate to rhombic-obovate, 1.5–6(–8) cm, base usually cuneate, rarely subtruncate, margins coarsely dentate to crenate or 3-lobed, surfaces puberulent or not. |
palmately or subpalmately compound, 3 or 5 (or 7)-foliolate, 5.5–17(–22) cm, (fleshy), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole 4–14(–17) cm; lateral leaflets subsessile, blade similar to terminal, sometimes smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.1–0.5 cm), blade ovate to lanceolate or elliptic-oblong, 1–3 cm × 6–17 mm, base cuneate or obtuse, margins entire, (apiculate). |
Cauline leaves | 2 (or 3), 3-foliolate (usually alternate, rarely opposite, different in morphology from rhizomal), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile; petiole 0.5–2 cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets sessile, blade similar to terminal, smaller, margins usually dentate, rarely entire; terminal leaflet sessile or petiolulate, blade narrowly lanceolate to narrowly oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 2–7 × 0.3–0.6 cm, margins minutely puberulent. |
2 or 3, 3 or 5-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile; petiole 0.7–4(–8) cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets sessile, blade similar to terminal, smaller; terminal leaflet petiolulate (0.1–0.5 cm), blade elliptic to oblong, or ovate, 1.2–3.5 cm × 4–25 mm, margins entire. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 5–7.5 × 1–2 mm, lateral pair slightly saccate basally; petals purple to pale pink, oblanceolate, 9–18 × 2–5 mm (clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 5–10 mm, lateral pair 3.5–8 mm; anthers linear, 1.5–3 mm. |
sepals oblong, 3–5 × 1.5–2 mm, lateral pair saccate basally; petals white, obovate, 8–14 × 4–7 mm, (short-clawed, apex rounded or subemarginate); filaments: median pairs 4–5 mm, lateral pair 2.5–3.5 mm; anthers oblong, 1–1.2 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to divaricate, 15–40 mm. |
ascending to divaricate, 6–18 mm. |
Fruits | linear, 2.5–4 cm × 1.5–2.5 mm; ovules 8–12 per ovary; style (5–)7–11 mm. |
linear, 2–4 cm × 1.5–2.2 mm; ovules 10–14 per ovary; style 1–5 mm. |
Seeds | dark brown, oblong, 2–2.5 × 1–1.5 mm. |
brown, oblong, 1.8–2.2 × 1.2–1.5 mm. |
2n | = ca. 128. |
|
Cardamine angustata |
Cardamine rupicola |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–May. | Flowering Jul–Aug. |
Habitat | Moist woods, wooded ridges and bottomlands, floodplains, shady ravines, streambeds | Limestone talus slopes, loose limey shale, moist banks |
Elevation | 300-1300 m (1000-4300 ft) | 2200-2700 m (7200-8900 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; DC; DE; GA; IN; KY; MD; MS; NC; NJ; OH; PA; SC; TN; VA; WV
|
MT |
Discussion | Cardamine heterophylla (Nuttall) Alph. Wood (1870), not Host (1797) is an illegitimate name, sometimes found in synonymy with C. angustata. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Cardamine rupicola is known from Flathead, Lewis and Clarke, and Missoula counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 467. | FNA vol. 7, p. 483. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. angustata var. ouachitana, Dentaria heterophylla | C. californica var. rupicola, Dentaria rupicola |
Name authority | O. E. Schulz: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 349. (1903) | (O. E. Schulz) C. L. Hitchcock: in C. L. Hitchcock et al., Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N.W. 2: 474. (1964) |
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