Cardamine angustata |
Cardamine microphylla |
|
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slender toothwort |
small-leaf bittercress |
|
Habit | Perennials; usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent. | Perennials; usually glabrous, rarely sparsely hirtellous. |
Rhizomes | (tuberiform, fragile) moniliform, segments fusiform, 3–6 mm diam. (fleshy). |
cylindrical, slender, 0.7–1.5 mm diam. |
Stems | erect, unbranched, 1.2–3(–4) dm, glabrous or pubescent. |
erect or ascending, unbranched, 0.3–1.5(–2) dm. |
Rhizomal leaves | 3-foliolate, to 24 cm, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole (3–)5–12(–16) cm; lateral leaflets subsessile or petiolulate (0.2–1 cm), blade similar to terminal leaflet or smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule) (0.2–)0.5–1.5(–2) cm, blade broadly ovate to rhombic-obovate, 1.5–6(–8) cm, base usually cuneate, rarely subtruncate, margins coarsely dentate to crenate or 3-lobed, surfaces puberulent or not. |
pinnately 5 or 7-foliolate, (1.3–)2.5–6.5 cm, (not fleshy), leaflets petiolulate; petiole (0.5–)1.5–5.5 cm; lateral leaflets similar to terminal, blade sometimes smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.15–0.7 cm), blade ovate to elliptic, (0.2–)0.4–1.2(–1.5) cm × (1–)2.5–6 mm, base cuneate to obtuse, margins entire, (apiculate). |
Cauline leaves | 2 (or 3), 3-foliolate (usually alternate, rarely opposite, different in morphology from rhizomal), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile; petiole 0.5–2 cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets sessile, blade similar to terminal, smaller, margins usually dentate, rarely entire; terminal leaflet sessile or petiolulate, blade narrowly lanceolate to narrowly oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 2–7 × 0.3–0.6 cm, margins minutely puberulent. |
1–3, 5 or 7-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole 0.2–1.5 cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets similar to terminal; terminal leaflet (subsessile or petiolule to 0.2 cm), blade ovate to elliptic, 0.6–1.3 × 0.1–0.7 cm, base cuneate, margins entire. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 5–7.5 × 1–2 mm, lateral pair slightly saccate basally; petals purple to pale pink, oblanceolate, 9–18 × 2–5 mm (clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 5–10 mm, lateral pair 3.5–8 mm; anthers linear, 1.5–3 mm. |
sepals ovate to oblong, 3–4 × 1.8–2.5 mm, lateral pair slightly saccate basally; petals usually white, rarely lavender, broadly obovate, 7–10 × 3–6 mm, (clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 3–4.5 mm, lateral pair 2–3 mm; anthers oblong, 1–1.5 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to divaricate, 15–40 mm. |
erect to ascending, 7–15(–25) mm. |
Fruits | linear, 2.5–4 cm × 1.5–2.5 mm; ovules 8–12 per ovary; style (5–)7–11 mm. |
linear, 2–3 cm × 1.2–1.7 mm; ovules 12–16 per ovary; style 1–2 mm. |
Seeds | dark brown, oblong, 2–2.5 × 1–1.5 mm. |
brown, oblong, ca. 1.5 × 1 mm. |
2n | = ca. 128. |
= 28, 42, 64. |
Cardamine angustata |
Cardamine microphylla |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–May. | Flowering Jul–Aug. |
Habitat | Moist woods, wooded ridges and bottomlands, floodplains, shady ravines, streambeds | Streamsides, sand and cobbles on gravel bars, shale banks, floodplains, alluvial sand between cobbles, moist moss, turf, seepage areas, meadows, wet grounds |
Elevation | 300-1300 m (1000-4300 ft) | 0-1600 m (0-5200 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; DC; DE; GA; IN; KY; MD; MS; NC; NJ; OH; PA; SC; TN; VA; WV
|
AK; NT; YT; e Asia (Russian Far East, Siberia) |
Discussion | Cardamine heterophylla (Nuttall) Alph. Wood (1870), not Host (1797) is an illegitimate name, sometimes found in synonymy with C. angustata. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 467. | FNA vol. 7, p. 477. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. angustata var. ouachitana, Dentaria heterophylla | C. minuta |
Name authority | O. E. Schulz: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 349. (1903) | Adams: Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 5: 111. (1817) |
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