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angle bitter-cress, angle-leaf bitter-cress, seaside bitter-cress

streambank bittercress

Habit Perennials; glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Perennials; glabrous throughout.
Rhizomes

cylindrical, slender, to 2 mm diam.

(relatively short), 2–3 mm diam., (covered with extensive root system).

Stems

erect, unbranched, (1.5–)2.5–8.5(–10) dm, sparsely to densely hirsute at base.

erect to ascending, unbranched or branched distally, 0.9–4 dm.

Rhizomal leaves

3 (or 5)-foliolate, (4–)7–20(–22) cm, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile;

petiole (2–)4–12(–14) cm;

lateral leaflets subsessile, blade similar to terminal, larger or smaller in size;

terminal leaflet petiolulate [(0.3–)0.5–1.5 cm], blade ovate to broadly lanceolate, 1.5–7(–9) cm, base usually cuneate, rarely subreniform or obtuse, margins 3–5(–7)-lobed or -toothed, surfaces puberulent.

usually 3-foliolate, rarely simple, 1–8 cm, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile;

petiole 0.5–5 cm;

lateral leaflets subsessile, often minute;

terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.4–2 cm), blade orbicular to broadly ovate, 0.5–3 cm × 5–25 mm, base rounded, margins entire, repand, or dentate.

Cauline leaves

(3 or) 4–8, 3 (or 5)-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile;

petiole 1–4 cm, base not auriculate;

lateral leaflets sessile, blade similar to terminal, smaller, margins usually dentate, rarely entire;

terminal leaflet sessile or petiolulate, blade broadly ovate to narrowly lanceolate, 2–7 cm × 6–40 mm, margins minutely pubescent.

5–10, petiolate;

middle leaves often simple, petiole 0.3–1.5 cm, blade rhombic to suborbicular or ovate, 1–3.5 cm × 6–22 mm, base obtuse to cuneate, margins entire, repand, or dentate;

distal ones with shorter petiole, blade smaller.

Racemes

ebracteate.

ebracteate.

Flowers

sepals oblong, 2.5–4 × 1.3–2 mm, lateral pair saccate basally;

petals usually white, rarely pinkish, obovate, 8–15 × 4–8 mm (clawed, apex rounded or emarginate);

filaments: median pairs 3.5–6 mm, lateral pair 2–3.5 mm;

anthers oblong, 0.8–1.2 mm.

sepals (ascending), oblong, 1.5–2.2 × 0.7–1 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally;

petals (somewhat spreading), white, oblanceolate, 3.5–5 × 1.2–1.8 mm, (not clawed, apex rounded);

filaments: median pairs 2.5–3 mm, lateral pair 2–2.5 mm;

anthers ovate, ca. 0.2 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

ascending to divaricate, (9–)12–25 mm.

divaricate, 9–17 mm.

Fruits

linear, 1.5–3.2 cm × 1.4–2 mm;

ovules 10–16 per ovary;

style (0.5–)1–4 mm.

linear, 0.8–1.6 cm × 0.8–1 mm;

ovules 16–22 per ovary;

style 1.2–1.8 mm.

Seeds

dark brown, oblong, 1.8–2.3 × 1–1.2 mm.

brown, oblong to ovoid, 0.9–1.2 × 0.6–0.8 mm.

2n

= 40.

Cardamine angulata

Cardamine micranthera

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jun. Flowering Apr–May.
Habitat Moist ground, stream banks, swampy or damp woods, thickets, wet meadows Wet grounds along streams, seepage, gravelly sandbars, moist crevices
Elevation 0-900 m [0-3000 ft]
Distribution
map from FNA
AK; CA; OR; WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
map from FNA
NC
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Of conservation concern.

Cardamine micranthera is known only from Stokes County. It is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine
Sibling taxa
C. angustata, C. bellidifolia, C. blaisdellii, C. breweri, C. bulbosa, C. californica, C. clematitis, C. concatenata, C. constancei, C. cordifolia, C. digitata, C. diphylla, C. dissecta, C. douglassii, C. flagellifera, C. flexuosa, C. hirsuta, C. holmgrenii, C. impatiens, C. longii, C. macrocarpa, C. maxima, C. micranthera, C. microphylla, C. nuttallii, C. nymanii, C. occidentalis, C. oligosperma, C. pachystigma, C. parviflora, C. pattersonii, C. penduliflora, C. pensylvanica, C. pratensis, C. purpurea, C. rotundifolia, C. rupicola, C. umbellata
C. angulata, C. angustata, C. bellidifolia, C. blaisdellii, C. breweri, C. bulbosa, C. californica, C. clematitis, C. concatenata, C. constancei, C. cordifolia, C. digitata, C. diphylla, C. dissecta, C. douglassii, C. flagellifera, C. flexuosa, C. hirsuta, C. holmgrenii, C. impatiens, C. longii, C. macrocarpa, C. maxima, C. microphylla, C. nuttallii, C. nymanii, C. occidentalis, C. oligosperma, C. pachystigma, C. parviflora, C. pattersonii, C. penduliflora, C. pensylvanica, C. pratensis, C. purpurea, C. rotundifolia, C. rupicola, C. umbellata
Synonyms C. angulata var. alba, C. angulata var. hirsuta, C. angulata var. pentaphylla, Dentaria grandiflora
Name authority Hooker: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 44. (1829) Rollins: Castanea 5: 87. (1940)
Source FNA vol. 7, p. 467. Treatment authors: Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Karol Marhold, Judita Lihová. FNA vol. 7, p. 477. Treatment authors: Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Karol Marhold, Judita Lihová.
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