Canavalia
Canavalia rosea
jackbean
bay bean, beach bean, coastal Jack-bean, Mackenzie bean, seaside Jack-bean
twining, trailing, prostrate, or erect, glabrous, glabrate, strigulose, or glabrescent.
alternate, odd-pinnate;
stipules present, caducous, deltate and small or obsolete;
petiolate;
stipels deciduous;
leaflets 3, blade margins entire, surfaces strigose, glabrate, or glabrous.
petiole 2–5.8 cm;
petiolules 3–8.5 mm, moderately densely pubescent, hairs 0.2–0.4 mm;
leaflet blades suborbiculate, elliptic, or oblong, 40–120 × 23–62 mm, base cuneate to rounded, apex emarginate or obtuse, surfaces moderately or densely pubescent or glabrous abaxially, sparsely pubescent adaxially.
9–21 cm;
bracteoles 1.2–1.5 × 0.8–1.6 mm, apex obtuse.
8–50-flowered, axillary, panicles;
bracts present, caducous;
axis retrorsely pubescent basally, antrorsely pubescent apically;
bracteoles present, calycine.
1.5–3 mm, strigillose.
papilionaceous;
calyx campanulate, 2-lipped, lobes 5, abaxial lip with 3 short lobes, adaxial lip with 2 massive connate lobes;
corolla lavender, pink-purple, purple and white (bicolored), white, blue-violet, or reddish purple [pink-white], 20–35 mm, glabrous;
stamens 10, monadelphous;
anthers basifixed, dehiscing apically, relatively small.
calyx 10–12 mm;
central lobe of abaxial lip slightly exceeding acute lateral lobes;
corolla lavender to reddish purple, 25–30 mm.
legumes, stipitate, straight or ± falcate, ± compressed, sometimes turgid, oblong or narrowly oblong [linear], 6–40 cm, well exceeding calyx, ventral margin 3–5-ribbed, adaxial (upper) margins 3-costate, dehiscent, strigose to glabrate.
turgid to moderately compressed, oblong, 10–15 × 2–3.5 cm.
(1–)4–15, oblong to elliptic in silhouette;
hilum lateral.
(1–)4–8, red to brown, darkly marbled, slightly compressed, elliptic, 1.5–1.8 × 1.3–2 cm;
hilum to 1/2 length of seed.
, perennial, herbaceous or woody, to 10 m. Stems twining or prostrate-trailing, pubescent to glabrate.
= 11.
= 22.
Canavalia
Canavalia rosea
Species ca. 60 (4 in the flora).
Some Canavalia species are grown for cover crops, green manures, forage, and human consumption (G. P. Lewis et al. 2005). Coastal species produce drift-seeds.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Canavalia rosea is frequent in Dixie County and central and southern peninsular Florida (R. P. Wunderlin and B. F. Hansen 2011), as well as being found in south coastal Texas in Cameron and Kenedy counties. D. Isely (1990) reported Canavalia rosea also from Alabama and Mississippi; corresponding specimens from those localities were not seen.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
1. Leaflet blades suborbiculate, elliptic, or oblong, apices emarginate or obtuse; legumes turgid to moderately compressed; seeds marbled, red to brown; hilum to 1/2 length of seed; coastal habitats. | C. rosea |
1. Leaflet blades ovate to ovate-elliptic, apices obtuse, acute, subacute, subacuminate, or acuminate; legumes slightly compressed; seeds usually not marbled (sometimes darkly so in C. brasiliensis), olive, brown, red, red-brown, white, or off-white; hilum shorter to longer than 1/2 length of seed; disturbed areas. | → 2 |
2. Leaflet apices acuminate; calyces with central lobe of abaxial lip equaling obtuse lateral lobes; seeds usually red to red-brown, rarely white. | C. gladiata |
2. Leaflet apices obtuse, subacute, or emarginate; calyces with central lobe of abaxial lip exceeding ± acute lateral lobes; seeds white, off-white, olive, brown, or red. | → 3 |
3. Stems twining or prostrate; petiolule hairs 0.5–0.9 mm; legumes 6–20 × 2–3 cm; seeds olive, brown, or red. | C. brasiliensis |
3. Stems twining or erect; petiolule hairs 0.3 mm; legumes 15–35 × 3–3.5 cm; seeds white or off-white. | C. ensiformis |
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