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Kern County evening primrose, Kern sun cups

San Benito evening-primrose, San Benito suncup

Habit Herbs sparsely or densely villous and glandular puberulent, especially distally, sometimes glabrate or sparsely glandular puberulent. Herbs villous and also glandular puberulent distally.
Stems

erect, often many-branched, 5–30 cm.

erect or decumbent, slender, wiry, usually branched, 3–20 cm.

Leaves

proximalmost sometimes clustered near base;

blade usually very narrowly elliptic to narrowly so, rarely lanceolate, 1–3.8(–5.5) × 0.2–0.5 cm, base narrowly cuneate, margins sparsely serrate, apex acuminate.

proximalmost not clustered near base, green or slightly bluish green;

blade very narrowly elliptic, 0.7–2 × 0.1–0.3 cm, base cuneate or attenuate, margins sparsely serrulate, apex acute.

Flowers

opening near sunrise;

floral tube 2.2–3.8(–5.5) mm, villous inside;

sepals 5–9(–11) mm, reflexed separately;

petals 8–15(–18) mm, each with 2 large red dots basally; episepalous filaments 3.5–5.5(–7) mm, epipetalous filaments 1.3–2(–4.5) mm, anthers 1.8–2(–3) mm, pollen with less than 5% of grains 4- or 5-pored;

style 7–10(–14) mm, stigma well exserted beyond anthers at anthesis.

opening near sunrise;

floral tube ca. 1.2 mm, moderately to very sparsely pubescent inside on proximal 1/2;

sepals 3.2–3.5 mm, reflexed in pairs;

petals 3.5–4 mm, each ± with 2 red dots basally; episepalous filaments 2 mm, epipetalous filaments 1.2 mm, anthers 0.3–0.6 mm, pollen with usually less than 10% of grains 4-pored;

style 2.1–2.5 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis.

Capsules

22–37 × 1.5–1.7 mm;

pedicel 0–15 mm.

15–45 × 0.8–1.3 mm;

subsessile.

Seeds

1.1–1.2 × 0.5–0.6 mm.

0.6–0.8 × 0.3–0.4 mm.

2n

= 28.

Camissonia kernensis

Camissonia benitensis

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jul.
Habitat Sandy or gravelly serpentine soil on alluvial terraces and sandy or gravelly serpentine soil in upland areas in geologic interfaces between ser­pentine and non-serpentine rock types in Quercus.
Elevation 600–1400 m. (2000–4600 ft.)
Distribution
from USDA
sw United States
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

Camissonia kernensis occurs in sagebrush scrub, and Joshua-tree and pinyon-juniper woodlands at elevations of 700–1900 m in southern and central California and southern Nevada. The species is self-incompatible and is apparently pollinated by oligolectic bees of Andrena subg. Onagrandrena (P. H. Raven 1969); Raven subdivided the species into two intergrading subspecies.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Camissonia benitensis is known from New Idria and nearby serpentine areas, lower Clear Creek drainage and San Carlos Creek, San Benito County, and is reported from adjacent Fresno and Monterey counties. More than 50,000 individuals are known, but their habitat is threatened by off-road vehicles.

P. H. Raven (1969) determined that Camissonia benitensis is a self-compatible tetraploid and autogamous, also stating that C. benitensis is most likely closely related to C. strigulosa.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Herbs compact, sparsely glandular puberulent and villous throughout; leaves: proximalmost often clustered near base; pedicels 3–15 mm in fruit.
subsp. kernensis
1. Herbs with open habit, glandular puberulent throughout, usually also sparsely villous, or glabrate, with few glandular hairs; leaves: none clustered near base; pedicels 0–5(–15) mm in fruit.
subsp. gilmanii
Source FNA vol. 10. FNA vol. 10.
Parent taxa Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Camissonia Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Camissonia
Sibling taxa
C. benitensis, C. campestris, C. contorta, C. integrifolia, C. lacustris, C. parvula, C. pubens, C. pusilla, C. sierrae, C. strigulosa
C. campestris, C. contorta, C. integrifolia, C. kernensis, C. lacustris, C. parvula, C. pubens, C. pusilla, C. sierrae, C. strigulosa
Subordinate taxa
C. kernensis subsp. gilmanii, C. kernensis subsp. kernensis
Synonyms Oenothera kernensis
Name authority (Munz) P. H. Raven: Brittonia 16: 284. (1964) P. H. Raven: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 37: 332, fig. 60. (1969)
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