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San Benito evening-primrose, San Benito suncup

field primrose, Mojave sun cup

Habit Herbs villous and also glandular puberulent distally. Herbs glabrous, villous, strigillose, or glandular puberulent, especially distally, sometimes glabrous distally.
Stems

erect or decumbent, slender, wiry, usually branched, 3–20 cm.

erect or decumbent, slender, wiry, usually well-branched, 5–25(–50) cm.

Leaves

proximalmost not clustered near base, green or slightly bluish green;

blade very narrowly elliptic, 0.7–2 × 0.1–0.3 cm, base cuneate or attenuate, margins sparsely serrulate, apex acute.

proximalmost not clustered near base;

blade linear to narrowly elliptic or narrowly oblanceolate, 0.5–2.5(–3) × 0.1–0.15(–0.5) cm, base attenuate, margins sparsely serrulate to coarsely serrate, apex acuminate.

Flowers

opening near sunrise;

floral tube ca. 1.2 mm, moderately to very sparsely pubescent inside on proximal 1/2;

sepals 3.2–3.5 mm, reflexed in pairs;

petals 3.5–4 mm, each ± with 2 red dots basally; episepalous filaments 2 mm, epipetalous filaments 1.2 mm, anthers 0.3–0.6 mm, pollen with usually less than 10% of grains 4-pored;

style 2.1–2.5 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis.

opening near sunrise;

floral tube 1.5–5.5 mm, ± densely villous on proximal 1/2 inside;

sepals 3.5–8(–12) mm, reflexed in pairs;

petals (3.5–)5–15.5 mm, each usually with 1 or 2 red dots basally; episepalous filaments (1.4–)2.1–5.5 mm, epipetalous filaments (0.7–)1.2–3.2 mm, anthers 1–2.4 mm, pollen with less than 5% of grains 4- or 5-pored;

style (3.2–)4–12(–15) mm, stigma well exserted beyond anthers at anthesis.

Capsules

15–45 × 0.8–1.3 mm;

subsessile.

20–43 × 0.7–1.5(–2) mm;

subsessile.

Seeds

0.6–0.8 × 0.3–0.4 mm.

0.8–1.6 × 0.4–0.6 mm.

2n

= 28.

Camissonia benitensis

Camissonia campestris

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jul.
Habitat Sandy or gravelly serpentine soil on alluvial terraces and sandy or gravelly serpentine soil in upland areas in geologic interfaces between ser­pentine and non-serpentine rock types in Quercus.
Elevation 600–1400 m. (2000–4600 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
California
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Camissonia benitensis is known from New Idria and nearby serpentine areas, lower Clear Creek drainage and San Carlos Creek, San Benito County, and is reported from adjacent Fresno and Monterey counties. More than 50,000 individuals are known, but their habitat is threatened by off-road vehicles.

P. H. Raven (1969) determined that Camissonia benitensis is a self-compatible tetraploid and autogamous, also stating that C. benitensis is most likely closely related to C. strigulosa.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

P. H. Raven (1969) determined that Camissonia campestris is self-incompatible.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Stems usually erect; leaf blade margins sparsely serrulate.
subsp. campestris
1. Stems usually decumbent; leaf blade margins coarsely serrate.
subsp. obispoensis
Source FNA vol. 10. FNA vol. 10.
Parent taxa Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Camissonia Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Camissonia
Sibling taxa
C. campestris, C. contorta, C. integrifolia, C. kernensis, C. lacustris, C. parvula, C. pubens, C. pusilla, C. sierrae, C. strigulosa
C. benitensis, C. contorta, C. integrifolia, C. kernensis, C. lacustris, C. parvula, C. pubens, C. pusilla, C. sierrae, C. strigulosa
Subordinate taxa
C. campestris subsp. campestris, C. campestris subsp. obispoensis
Synonyms Oenothera campestris, O. dentata var. campestris, Sphaerostigma campestre, S. dentatum subsp. campestre
Name authority P. H. Raven: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 37: 332, fig. 60. (1969) (Greene) P. H. Raven: Brittonia 16: 284. (1964)
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