Camelina rumelica |
Camelina |
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graceful false flax |
false-flax, flaxweed, gold-of-pleasure |
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Habit | Annuals. | Annuals or biennials; not scapose; pubescent, glabrescent, or glabrous, trichomes simple or short-stalked, with forked to substellate or subdendritic (smaller) ones. | ||||||||||||
Stems | unbranched or branched distally, 1.5–4(–6) dm, densely to moderately hirsute-hispidulous basally, trichomes simple, to 3.5 mm, mixed with fewer, branched ones, (glabrescent distally). |
erect, unbranched basally, branched distally, (basally hirsute with simple trichomes or sparsely pubescent with branched ones). |
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Leaves | basal and cauline; petiolate or subsessile; basal (often withered by flowering), rosulate or not, petiolate, blade margins entire or toothed or, rarely, lobed; cauline blade (base auriculate or sagittate), margins entire, dentate to lobed, or denticulate. |
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Basal leaves | persistent after anthesis (into fruiting). |
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Cauline leaves | blade lanceolate to oblong, (1–)2–6(–9) cm × 2–10(–20) mm, base sagittate or minutely auriculate, margins entire or irregularly denticulate, (often subciliate), apex acute, surfaces pubescent, trichomes primarily simple. |
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Racemes | (corymbose, several-flowered), considerably elongated in fruit, (rachis straight, rarely strongly flexuous). |
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Flowers | sepals (2.7–)3–4(–4.5) × 0.5–1 mm; petals white or creamy white, (5–)6–8(–9) × 1.5–2 mm; filaments 2–3.5 mm; anthers ca. 0.5 mm. |
sepals erect to ascending, oblong or ovate; petals usually yellow, rarely white, oblanceolate [spatulate], (longer than sepals), claw and blade somewhat differentiated, (apex obtuse); stamens in 3 pairs of unequal length; filaments not dilated basally; anthers ovate or oblong, (apex obtuse); nectar glands (4), lateral, 1 on each side of lateral stamen. |
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Fruiting pedicels | ascending to divaricate, 7–10(–14) mm. |
ascending to divaricate, slender. |
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Fruits | pyriform to obovoid, 5–7 × 3.5–5 mm, apex acute; valves each obscurely veined, margin narrowly winged; style 2–3 mm. |
silicles or, rarely, siliques, dehiscent, shortly stipitate, pyriform, obovoid, or depressed globose [linear], keeled or not, slightly latiseptate; valves each with prominent or obscure midvein, (leathery, smooth, margins of each flattened and connate, apex abruptly caudate and extending 1–2.5 mm onto, and appearing as part of, style), pubescent; replum concealed by connate margins of valves; septum complete; ovules 8–25 per ovary; stigma capitate. |
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Seeds | brown, 1.2–1.5 × 0.5–0.6 mm. |
biseriate or, rarely, uniseriate, plump or slightly flattened, not winged or narrowly margined, oblong; seed coat (minutely reticulate), copiously mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons incumbent or, rarely, accumbent. |
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x | = 6, 7, 10, 13. |
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2n | = 12, 26. |
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Camelina rumelica |
Camelina |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jun. | |||||||||||||
Habitat | Fields, roadsides, waste places | |||||||||||||
Elevation | 100-1700 m (300-5600 ft) | |||||||||||||
Distribution |
CO; KS; NV; OK; OR; TX; Europe; sw Asia [Introduced in North America]
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Europe; Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America, Australia] |
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Discussion | R. L. McGregor (1984, 1985) and R. C. Rollins (1993) stated that Camelina rumelica is naturalized also in Texas; we have not seen material that supports those reports. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Species 8 (4 in the flora). Some authors have studied allelopathic and other effects of Camelina on the growth and production of flax, and the interested reader should consult I. A. Al-Shehbaz (1987) for leads. Some species, especially C. sativa, were cultivated for their fibers and seed oil by the Romans as early as 600 b.c., and remain in cultivation in some parts of eastern Europe and Russia. Camelina alyssum and C. sativa may no longer be established in the United States. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 452. | FNA vol. 7, p. 451. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | ||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||
Name authority | Velenovsky: Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. 1886: 448, fig. 13a. (1887) | Crantz: Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 1: 17. (1762) | ||||||||||||
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