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false flax, flaxweed, gold-of-pleasure, large-seed false flax

Habit Annuals or biennials. Annuals or biennials.
Stems

unbranched or branched distally, 2–7(–10) dm, glabrous or pubescent basally, trichomes branched, minute.

unbranched or branched distally, (1.2–)3–10(–13) dm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent basally, trichomes branched, rarely mixed with fewer, simple ones.

Basal leaves

often withered by anthesis.

often withered by anthesis.

Cauline leaves

blade lanceolate, narrowly oblong, or linear-lanceolate, pinnatifid or sinuate-dentate, (1.5–)2.5–7(–10) cm × 2–10(–20) mm, base sagittate or strongly auriculate, margins usually coarsely dentate to lobed, rarely entire, apex acute, surfaces glabrescent or sparsely pubescent, trichomes primarily forked.

blade lanceolate, narrowly oblong, or linear-lanceolate, (1–)2–7(–9) cm × 2–10(–15) mm, base sagittate or strongly auriculate, margins entire or, rarely, remotely denticulate, apex acute, surfaces glabrescent or sparsely pubescent, trichomes usually forked.

Flowers

sepals 2–4.2 × 0.7–1.5 mm;

petals pale yellow, (3.5–)4–6.5 × 1.5–2 mm;

filaments 2–3.5 mm;

anthers ca. 0.5 mm.

sepals 2–3(–4) × 0.5–1 mm;

petals yellow, (3.5–)4–6 × 1–1.5 mm;

filaments 1.5–3 mm;

anthers ca. 0.5 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

ascending to divaricate, 15–30(–40) mm.

ascending, (8–)12–20(–27) mm.

Fruits

depressed globose, 7–11 × (5.5–)6.5–8(–9) mm (almost as long as wide, or longer), apex subtruncate or, rarely, rounded;

valves each with prominent midvein, margin obscurely or narrowly winged;

style 1.2–2.5 mm.

pyriform or broadly obovoid, 7–9(–13) × 4–5(–6) mm (distinctly longer than wide), apex often subtruncate;

valves each with prominent midvein, margin narrowly winged;

style 1.2–2.5 mm.

Seeds

reddish or yellowish brown, (1.8–)2–3 × 0.7–1 mm.

dark brown, (1.5–)1.8–2.5 × 0.7–1 mm.

2n

= 40.

= 40.

Camelina alyssum

Camelina sativa

Phenology Flowering May–June. Flowering May–Jun.
Habitat Fields, roadsides, prairies Farms, grassy areas, fields, waste places
Elevation 0-1500 m (0-4900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; CO; MT; ND; SD; WY; AB; MB; SK; Europe [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Australia]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CO; CT; DC; IA; IL; IN; KS; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OR; PA; SC; SD; VA; VT; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NT; NU; ON; QC; YT; Europe; Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

As indicated by R. L. McGregor (1985), Camelina alyssum is known from the above states only from old collections, and, apparently, the species has not been collected again during the past five decades. Although we have not examined all of his cited specimens, those on which the Missouri and Nebraska records are based belong to C. sativa.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

R. L. McGregor (1985) indicated that Camelina sativa is no longer established in North America; we tend to agree because we have not seen any collections made within the past 40 years.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 453. FNA vol. 7, p. 453.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Camelineae > Camelina Brassicaceae > tribe Camelineae > Camelina
Sibling taxa
C. microcarpa, C. rumelica, C. sativa
C. alyssum, C. microcarpa, C. rumelica
Synonyms Myagrum alyssum Myagrum sativum
Name authority (Miller) Thellung: Index Seminum (Zürich) 1906: 10. (1906) (Linnaeus) Crantz: Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 1: 17. (1762)
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