Camassia quamash |
Camassia scilloides |
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camas, common camas, small camas |
Atlantic camas, eastern camas, wild hyacinth |
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Bulbs | seldom clustered, globose, 1–5 cm diam. |
sometimes clustered, ovoid, 1–3 cm diam. |
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Leaves | usually fewer than 10, 1–6 dm × 4–20 mm. |
3–8, 2–6 dm × 5–20 mm. |
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Inflorescences | 20–80 cm; sterile bracts absent, bracts subtending flowers usually equaling or exceeding pedicel. |
19–47 cm; sterile bracts 0–3(–5), bracts subtending flowers shorter than or equaling pedicel. |
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Flowers | usually zygomorphic, sometimes actinomorphic; tepals withering separately or connivent over capsules after anthesis, long-persistent on fruiting racemes, blue or bluish violet, each 3–9-veined, 12–35 × 1.5–8 mm; anthers usually yellow, sometimes bluish violet, violet, or brown, 2.5–7 mm; fruiting pedicel mostly incurving-erect, occasionally spreading-erect, 5–70 mm. |
actinomorphic; tepals usually withering separately after anthesis, not deciduous, light blue, occasionally whitish, each 3- or 5-veined, 7–15 × 2.6–4.2 mm; anthers bright yellow, 1.3–3.2 mm; fruiting pedicel mostly spreading to spreading-erect, 5–30 mm. |
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Capsules | not deciduous, pale green to pale brown, ovoid, 6–19 mm. |
deciduous, pale green to light brown, subglobose, 6–10 mm. |
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Seeds | 5–10 per locule. |
2–5 per locule. |
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2n | = 30. |
= 30. |
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Camassia quamash |
Camassia scilloides |
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Phenology | Flowering mid–late spring. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Prairies | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 100–1000 m [300–3300 ft] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
w United States and Canada
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AL; AR; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; ON
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Discussion | camassia quamash is highly variable morphologically. although there tend to be distinct geographical variants. here recognized as subspecies following f. w. gould (1942), there is much overlap among them. the subspecific status of these taxa is retained to highlight the extreme morphological variability and geographical patterns within the species. a detailed biosystematic study of this complex is needed Subspecies 8 (8 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Camassia scilloides flowers two to three weeks earlier than sympatric populations of C. angusta. The name Schoenolirion texanum was long misapplied to a taxon now correctly known as S. wrightii Sherman. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 304. | FNA vol. 26, p. 307. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms | Phalangium quamash | Cyanotris scilloides, Quamasia hyacinthina, Schoenolirion texanum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | (Pursh) Greene: Man. Bot. San Francisco, 313. (1894) | (Rafinesque) Cory: Rhodora 38: 405. (1936) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Web links |