Calypso bulbosa |
Calypso |
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calypso, calypso orchid, fairy-slipper, fairy-slipper orchid, Venus' slipper |
calypso, fairy slipper orchid, fairy-slipper, Venus-slipper |
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Habit | Plants 4.5–22 cm. | Herbs, perennial, rather succulent. | ||||
Roots | few, slender, fleshy. |
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Stems | scapose; corm slender to stout, fleshy; sheathing bracts usually 2, partially cloaking stem. |
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Leaves | blade elliptic to suborbiculate or ovate, often cordate, 10–65 × 12–52 mm. |
produced in autumn, withering spring, solitary, arising from corm, plicate, leathery. |
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Inflorescences | floral bracts lance-acuminate, 5–28 mm. |
terminal, each with 1 flower, arising from corm; floral bract with color of stem or sepals, reduced to prominent. |
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Flowers | pink, magenta, or rarely white; sepals and petals erect-spreading, linear-lanceolate to linear-oblong, 10–24 × 1.5–5 mm; lip 13–23 × 4–13 mm, lamina shorter than to longer than apical horns, basal bristles sparse to extensive, brightly and contrastingly colored to dull and obscure. |
solitary, resupinate, horizontal to slightly nodding, large, showy; sepals and petals ascending to erect; lip slipper-shaped, with basal orifice and 2 horns near apex, margin of lip dilated, forming bearded, apronlike lamina; pollinarium solitary; pollinia 4, flattened, superposed in 2 pairs flanking axis of pollinarium; viscidia large, quadrangular; stigma concave. |
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Fruits | capsules. |
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Capsules | erect, ellipsoid to lanceoloid, 2–3 × 1–1.5 cm. |
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2n | = 28 [var. bulbosa]. |
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Calypso bulbosa |
Calypso |
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Distribution |
North America; Circumpolar; Europe; Asia (China, Japan, Russia)
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Circumboreal |
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Discussion | Varieties 3 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Species 1. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 623. | FNA vol. 26, p. 622. | ||||
Parent taxa | Orchidaceae > subfam. Epidendroideae > tribe Calypsoeae > Calypso | Orchidaceae > subfam. Epidendroideae > tribe Calypsoeae | ||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Cypripedium bulbosum, Cytherea bulbosa | |||||
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Oakes: in Z. Thompson, Nat. Hist. Vermont 1: 200. (1842) | Salisbury: Parad. Lond., plate 89. (1807) | ||||
Web links |