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many-flower grass-pink

Habit Plants 17–33(–50) cm.
Leaves

blade linear, 3–15 cm × 3–9 mm at flowering, later elongating to 6–41 cm.

Inflorescences

dark purple, becoming green after flowering, 17–33(–50) cm;

floral bracts ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or subulate, 3–8 mm.

Flowers

2–15, opening nearly simultaneously, crimson, magenta, to rarely light pink, strongly fragrant to pungent;

dorsal sepal obovate to oblanceolate, 9–17 × 5–8 mm, apex acuminate;

lateral sepals reflexed only at tip or straight, ovate to lanceolate, slightly falcate to straight, 10–13.5 × 6–9 mm;

petals pandurate, rarely obovate, 8–14 × 4–8 mm, apex obtuse;

lip 7–12 mm, middle lobe with dilated apex triangular, rounded to truncate, 7–13 mm wide;

column 5.5–7.5 × 1–2 mm, distal end 5–7 mm wide;

rostellum present. Capsules ellipsoid to obconic, 13–22 × 4–7 mm.

Corms

elongate, forked, 18–40 mm.

2n

= 40, 42.

Calopogon multiflorus

Phenology Flowering Mar–Apr, rarely Nov–Aug (s Fla only), usually several weeks following fires.
Habitat Sandy, relatively dry pine savannas and grasslands
Elevation 0–60 m (0–200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Calopogon multiflorus is nearly extirpated outside of central Florida.

Distinctive features of Calopogon multiflorus are the purple rachis, forked corm, strong floral fragrance, pandurate petals, and a lip usually as wide or wider than long. Although previously considered to be a variety of Calopogon barbatus (D. S. Correll 1940), C. multiflorus is readily distinguished from that species and all other Calopogon species by its features. The biology of C. multiflorus has been discussed in detail by D. H. Goldman and S. L. Orzell (2000).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 26, p. 598.
Parent taxa Orchidaceae > subfam. Epidendroideae > tribe Arethuseae > subtribe Bletiinae > Calopogon
Sibling taxa
C. barbatus, C. oklahomensis, C. pallidus, C. tuberosus
Synonyms C. barbatus var. multiflorus, Helleborine multiflora, Limodorum multiflorum, Limodorum pinetorum
Name authority Lindley: Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl., 425. (1840)
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