Callitriche terrestris |
Callitriche hermaphroditica |
|
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terrestrial water-starwort |
autumn water-starwort, autumnal water-starwort, callitriche hermaphrodiate, northern water-starwort, scarlet waterstarwort |
|
Stem | and leaf scales present. |
and leaf scales absent. |
Leaves | connate at base, obovate-oblanceolate to spatulate, 1.5–3.9 × 0.8–1.4(–1.5) mm, 2+-veined. |
not connate at base, ± linear, tapering from base, (7–)7.6–11.5 × 0.9–1.4 mm, 1-veined. |
Inflorescences | bracts absent. |
bracts absent. |
Pedicels | 0.4–0.6 mm in fruit. |
0 mm in fruit. |
Flowers | usually solitary or 1 staminate and 1 pistillate opposed by 1 pistillate; styles deflexed; pollen yellow. |
solitary; styles erect, later recurved; pollen colorless. |
Schizocarps | (0.5–)0.6–0.7(–0.8) × (0.5–)0.8–1 mm, shorter than wide; mericarps black, not swollen, winged only at apex, wings straight, 0.01–0.03 mm wide. |
1.1–1.9 × 1.2–2.4 mm, shorter than or as long as wide, sometimes longer than wide; mericarps dark brown, not swollen, winged throughout, wings straight, 0.2–0.8 mm wide, as wide as or wider than mericarp body. |
2n | = 10. |
= 6. |
Callitriche terrestris |
Callitriche hermaphroditica |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul(–Aug), Nov–Dec. | Flowering Jul–Sep(–Nov). |
Habitat | Seasonally wet hollows, damp soils, cultivated fields, rocky grounds, paths, tracks, sandy bars. | Lakes, ponds, backwaters, ditches. |
Elevation | 0–600 m. (0–2000 ft.) | 0–3000 m. (0–9800 ft.) |
Distribution |
AR; CT; DC; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MO; MS; NC; ND; NY; OH; PA; TN; TX; VA; NB; Mexico; Central America; South America [Introduced in Asia (China, Japan)]
|
AK; CO; ID; MT; NE; NJ; NY; OR; UT; VT; WI; WY; AB; BC; NF; NT; ON; QC; SK; Greenland; Eurasia
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Discussion | Infraspecific divisions have been based on the size of fruit (for example, R. V. Lansdown 2006); assignment of North American populations to these taxa would be premature. Callitriche autumnalis Linnaeus is a superfluous renaming of C. hermaphroditica, with which it is homotypic (R. V. Lansdown and C. E. Jarvis 2004). Callitriche fassettii, C. hermaphroditica, and C. stenoptera are morphologically very close; however, C. hermaphroditica always has sessile fruit, whereas the fruit of both the other species may be pedicellate. The mericarp wing of C. stenoptera is consistently very narrow and that of C. fassettii is slightly wider than that of C. hermaphroditica, which is generally wide, particularly at the apex. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 54. | FNA vol. 17, p. 51. |
Parent taxa | Plantaginaceae > Callitriche | Plantaginaceae > Callitriche |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. bifida, C. palustris var. bifida | |
Name authority | Rafinesque: Med. Repos., hexade 2, 5: 358. (1808) — (as terrestre) | Linnaeus: Cent. Pl. I, 31. (1755) |
Web links |
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