Flora of North America species comparison

The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

Cakile

Cakile geniculata

sea rocket, sea-rockets

gulf searocket
Habit Annuals or, rarely, perennials; (succulent, taproot woody, with relatively long, horizontal roots); not scapose; glabrous or, sometimes, sparsely pubescent. Annuals.
Stems

erect, ascending, prostrate, or divaricate, branched basally.

erect, (sometimes suffrutescent, much-branched), to 10 dm.
Leaves

cauline; usually petiolate, rarely sessile;

blade (often fleshy), not rosulate, margins entire, crenate, dentate, sinuate, or pinnately lobed.

Cauline leaves

blade broadly ovate or spatulate, margins sinuate, dentate, or pinnately lobed.
Racemes

considerably elongated in fruit.

1–2 dm;

rachis geniculate.
Flowers

sepals erect, ovate or oblong, lateral pair saccate or not basally;

petals (rarely aborted, reflexed), white to lavender, obovate to spatulate, claw differentiated from blade or not;

stamens tetradynamous;

filaments not dilated basally;

anthers (introrse), ovate to oblong;

nectar glands (4), distinct, median glands present.

sepals 3–4 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally;

petals white to pale lavender, 4–6.1 × 1.2–1.9 mm, claw distinct.
Fruiting pedicels

(rachis) geniculate or not, slender or stout.

(rachis of equal width), 2–5 mm, (widely spaced).
Fruits

siliques or silicles, indehiscent, stipitate, segments 2, (fleshy and green becoming corky and dry), obovoid, oblong, fusiform, or lanceoloid, rarely hastate, (proximal segment) terete or laterally horned, (terminal segment) terete, 4-angled, or 8-ribbed; (segments each falsely 1-loculed, septum papery, appressed to one side, usually 1-seeded; proximal segment remaining attached to pedicel; terminal segment deciduous by transverse articulation, beaked);

valves and replum not distinguishable;

ovules (1 or) 2(–4) per ovary; (style absent);

stigma entire or slightly 2-lobed.

(8-ribbed), lanceoloid, 20–27 × 3–5 mm;

proximal segment terete, (6–11 mm);

terminal segment slenderly conical, (13–18 mm), apex acute to blunt, (often slightly curved).
Seeds

aseriate or uniseriate, plump or flattened, not winged, (brown), oblong;

seed coat (smooth), not mucilaginous when wetted;

cotyledons accumbent or incumbent, rarely contorted.

cotyledons accumbent to obliquely incumbent.
x

= 9.

2n

= 18.

Cakile

Cakile geniculata
Phenology Flowering year-round (peak Mar–Aug).
Habitat Sandy beaches
Elevation ca. 0 m (ca. 0 ft)
Distribution
from USDA
North America; Mexico; Central America; West Indies; Europe; Asia (Near East); n Africa [Introduced in e Asia (Japan), Australia]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
LA; TX; Mexico (Tamaulipas, Veracruz)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Species 7 (5 in the flora).

Cakile is common on sandy beaches of the North Atlantic Ocean, the Baltic, Black, Mediterranean, North, and White seas, the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico, and the Great Lakes, and is naturalized in Australia, Japan, and on the Pacific Coast of North America; one species, C. arabica Velenovsky & Bornmüller, is found in deserts of the Middle East (s Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Key
1. Proximal fruit segments with 2 opposite, lateral horns distally; leaf blades broadly ovate to lanceolate, margins sinuately lobed or deeply pinnatifid; petals 3-6 mm wide, usually lavender, rarely white.
C. maritima
1. Proximal fruit segments without lateral horns distally; leaf blades ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or spatulate, margins entire, dentate, sinuate, crenate, or pinnatisect; petals 1.2-4.5 mm wide, white or lavender
→ 2
2. Plants usually sprawling; leaf blades not especially fleshy; racemes often 3+ dm; petals usually white, rarely lavender, 3-4.5 mm wide.
C. lanceolata
2. Plants not or, rarely, sprawling (erect to prostrate); leaf blades usually fleshy; racemes 1-2 dm; petals lavender to white, less than 3 mm wide
→ 3
3. Rachises geniculate in fruit; petals 1.2-1.9 mm wide.
C. geniculata
3. Rachises not geniculate in fruit; petals 1.3-3 mm wide
→ 4
4. Fruits terete to 4-angled, 3-4 mm wide; beak conic, apex acute.
C. constricta
4. Fruits 8-ribbed, or 4-angled, 5-9 mm wide; beak flattened, apex usually retuse or blunt, rarely acute.
C. edentula
Source FNA vol. 7, p. 424. Author: James E. Rodman. FNA vol. 7, p. 426.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Brassiceae Brassicaceae > tribe Brassiceae > Cakile
Sibling taxa
C. constricta, C. edentula, C. lanceolata, C. maritima
Subordinate taxa
C. constricta, C. edentula, C. geniculata, C. lanceolata, C. maritima
Synonyms C. maritima var. geniculata, C. lanceolata var. geniculata
Name authority Miller: Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4, vol. 1. (1754) (B. L. Robinson) Millspaugh: Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 126. (1900)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



Type/paste one or more Latin names into the boxes above; matching taxa will show up below the box as you type. You can use the up/down arrow keys to move through the list.

(If the plant you're looking for doesn't show up in the auto-complete list, that means it either isn't described in Flora of North America yet, or it's listed under a synonym. And please note that Flora of North America is still missing several plant families, including Apiaceae, Boraginaceae, and Polemoniaceae.)

Choose a data source: Flora of North America, OregonFlora, UW Burke Herbarium

The species comparison tool is brought to you by:
Northwest Wildflowers