Bulbostylis |
Bulbostylis capillaris |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| bulbostyle, hairsedge |
bulbostyle capillaire, densetuft hair-sedge, thread-leaf beakseed, tuft hair-sedge |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Habit | Herbs, annual or perennial, cespitose, scapose, not rhizomatous. | Herbs, annual, cespitose. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Roots | diffuse, very fine. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Culms | stiff or flaccid, usually terete, ribbed. |
to 30 cm, bases soft. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Leaves | basal, polystichous, spreading to ascending; sheaths open apically, apex fimbriate-ciliate, rarely entire; ligules absent, lateral tufts of hair at junction of blade and sheath; blades mostly linear or filiform, coarsely ribbed, usually longer than sheaths, 1 mm wide or less, mostly strongly involute, margins variably scabrid-ciliate. |
spreading to ascending, ¼–1/3 length of scapes; sheath borders tan, backs prominently ribbed, glabrous; blades filiform, 0.5 mm wide, involute, margins ciliate-scabrid, surface glabrous. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Inflorescences | terminal on slender scapes, rarely axillary to culm leaves, simple or compound anthelae or spikelet solitary; spikelets 1–50+; involucral bracts (1–)2–8, spreading or erect, leaflike or scalelike. |
solitary or more commonly in simple, open, rarely compact, involucrate anthelae; scapes filiform (rarely with several spikelets sessile or subsessile at plant base), prominently ribbed, glabrous; proximalmost involucral bract cuspidate or setaceous bladed, exceeding or exceeded by inflorescence. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spikelets | mostly ovoid to lanceoloid or lance-cylindric; scales 6–50, spirally arranged, rarely nearly distichous, each subtending flower or 1–2 proximal scales empty. |
red-brown, ovoid to lanceoloid, 3–5 mm; fertile scales ovate, 1.5–2 mm, apex acute, glabrous or distally puberulent, keel prominent, short-excurrent. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Flowers | bisexual; perianth absent; stamens 1–3; styles slender, (2–)3-fid, glabrous, base enlarged, persistent in fruit. |
stamens (1–)2; anthers oblong-elliptic, 0.5–0.7 mm. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Achenes | trigonous or 3-lobed, rarely biconvex, usually 3-ribbed. |
yellowish to pale brown, trigonous-obovoid, 1 mm, faces rugose. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2n | = 84. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulbostylis |
Bulbostylis capillaris |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Phenology | Fruiting summer–fall. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Habitat | Sandy savanna, prairie, arenaceous outcrops, sandy or gravelly waste areas | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Elevation | 0–3000 m [0–9800 ft] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distribution |
Mostly of dry or periodically dry; sunny; sandy uplands; particularly savanna in warm-temperate and tropical regions worldwide |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; NB; NS; ON; QC; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies; Asia; Pacific Islands
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Discussion | Species ca. 100 (8 in the flora). Culms of bulbostylises are coarse or fine, leafy only at the base, and terminating in scape (or rarely not scapose). Scapes are linear to filiform, wiry, variously ribbed. Spikelets or florets are short-stalked, even sessile in leaf axils. Flowers are protandrous and subsessile on short pedicellar joints; anthers are mostly linear-oblong or oblong-elliptic, two- to four-sporangiate, bilocular; style base is articulated to ovary summit and persists on fruit as buttonlike tubercle. Etymology: Latin bulbus, bulb, and stylus, style (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
A specimen of Bulbostylis capillaris collected by E. Hall (585) gives Oregon without a specific locality. Bulbostylis capillaris is distributed over a broad range of physiographic types and occurs in many forms, the most distinctive of ours being var. crebra, which has, in addition to numerous longscaped anthelae, large numbers of spikelets at the plant base. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Parent taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Key |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Synonyms | Oncostylis, Stenophyllus | Scirpus capillaris, B. capillaris var. crebra, B. capillaris var. isopoda, Fimbristylis capillaris, Isolepis brachyphylla, Isolepis capillaris, Isolepis radiciflora, Scirpus brachyiphyllus, Scirpus muhlenbergii, Stenophyllus capillaris | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name authority | Kunth: Enum. Pl. 2: 205. 1837, name conserved, not Steven 1817 or de Candolle (1836) | (Linnaeus) C. B. Clarke: in J. D. Hooker, Fl. Brit. India 6: 652. (1893) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 131. | FNA vol. 23, p. 136. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Web links |
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||