Buddleja madagascariensis |
Buddleja lindleyana |
|
---|---|---|
smoke bush |
Lindley's butterfly bush |
|
Habit | Shrubs, climbing, sarmentose, 20–50 dm. | Shrubs, 10–30 dm. |
Stems | branched, tomentose. |
branched, tomentulose. |
Leaves | often with globular stipular lines; petiole 5–15 mm; blade ovate to elliptic, 8–15 × 2–5 cm, base rounded, margins entire, apex acuminate, abaxial surface tomentose, adaxial glabrous or glabrate. |
stipules absent; petiole 1–5 mm; blade elliptic to ovate, 2–10 × 1–4 cm, base acute, margins entire or sinuate-dentate, apex acuminate, abaxial surface appressed-hairy, adaxial glabrate. |
Inflorescences | terminal, tapering-spicate thyrses, 5–25 × 3–5 cm, cymes 10–25 pairs, 5–15-flowered. |
terminal, pendent, tapering-spicate thyrses, 4–20 × 2–4 cm, cymes secund, 10–20 pairs, 1–5-flowered. |
Pedicels | essentially absent; bracteoles present. |
essentially absent; bracteoles absent or present. |
Flowers | slightly fragrant; calyx tomentose externally, tube 2–3 mm, lobes 0.5–1 mm; corolla yellowish orange, salverform, tube 7–9 mm, lobes suborbiculate, 2.5–3.5 × 2–3 mm; stamens inserted proximal to throat of corolla tube, included in tube; ovary subglobular, 1–1.5 mm, tomentose at tip; stigma clavate, 1–1.5 mm. |
fragrant; calyx densely hairy externally, tube 1.5–3 mm, lobes 0.5–1 mm; corolla curved, purple with white throat, tubular, tube 11–14 mm, lobes suborbiculate, 2–3 × 2–3 mm; stamens inserted 3–5 mm distal to base of corolla tube, included in tube; ovary ovoid, 1.5–2.5 mm, glabrate; stigma clavate, 1–1.5 mm. |
Fruits | berries, bluish purple, globular, 2.5–5 × 2.5–5 mm, papillose, indehiscent. |
capsules, brown, ellipsoid, 4–6 × 2–2.5 mm, glabrous or sparsely glandular, dehiscence primarily septicidal. |
Seeds | ovoid, 0.6–0.9 × 0.5–0.6 mm, wings absent. |
tetrahedral, 0.7–1 × 0.5–0.7 mm, wings narrow at edges. |
2n | = 38. |
= 38. |
Buddleja madagascariensis |
Buddleja lindleyana |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–May; fruiting not known in continental United States. | Flowering Jun–Oct; fruiting Aug–Nov. |
Habitat | Roadsides. | Roadsides, railroad embankments. |
Elevation | 10–20 m. (0–100 ft.) | 10–200 m. (0–700 ft.) |
Distribution |
FL; Indian Ocean Islands (Madagascar) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, West Indies (Cuba, Puerto Rico), South America (Argentina, Uruguay), Europe (Greece), Africa (Republic of South Africa), Indian Ocean Islands (Mauritius, Réunion), Pacific Islands (Fiji, Hawaii, New Caledonia, New Zealand), Australia] |
AL; AZ; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; Asia (China, Japan) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in West Indies (Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Martinique)] |
Discussion | Buddleja madagascariensis is considered a serious invader in Hawaii at 900–1200 m, where it sets abundant fruits (Hawaii Invasive Species Council, https://dlnr.hawaii.gov/hisc/info/species/smoke-bush/); this contrasts with the report by A. J. M. Leeuwenberg (1979) that he had observed specimens with fruits only from Crete, Madagascar, and Mauritius. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 329. | FNA vol. 17, p. 329. |
Parent taxa | Scrophulariaceae > Buddleja | Scrophulariaceae > Buddleja |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Nicodemia madagascariensis | |
Name authority | Lamarck: in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl. 1: 513. (1785) — (as Budleia) | Fortune: Edwards's Bot. Reg. 30(misc.): 25. (1844) — (as Buddlea) |
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