Buddleja madagascariensis |
Buddleja indica |
|
---|---|---|
smoke bush |
oak-leaf butterfly bush, parlor-oak |
|
Habit | Shrubs, climbing, sarmentose, 20–50 dm. | Shrubs, 5–20 dm. |
Stems | branched, tomentose. |
branched, brown-tomentose when young, glabrescent. |
Leaves | often with globular stipular lines; petiole 5–15 mm; blade ovate to elliptic, 8–15 × 2–5 cm, base rounded, margins entire, apex acuminate, abaxial surface tomentose, adaxial glabrous or glabrate. |
stipules absent; petiole 3–10 mm; blade orbiculate to elliptic, 3–6 × 2–5 cm, base cuneate, margins crenate to undulate, apex rounded, surfaces glabrous except veins abaxially. |
Inflorescences | terminal, tapering-spicate thyrses, 5–25 × 3–5 cm, cymes 10–25 pairs, 5–15-flowered. |
axillary, rarely terminal, paniculate, 2–3.5 × 1–2 cm, cymes 1–3, 5–7-flowered. |
Pedicels | essentially absent; bracteoles present. |
essentially absent; bracteoles present. |
Flowers | slightly fragrant; calyx tomentose externally, tube 2–3 mm, lobes 0.5–1 mm; corolla yellowish orange, salverform, tube 7–9 mm, lobes suborbiculate, 2.5–3.5 × 2–3 mm; stamens inserted proximal to throat of corolla tube, included in tube; ovary subglobular, 1–1.5 mm, tomentose at tip; stigma clavate, 1–1.5 mm. |
not fragrant; calyx tomentose externally, tube 1.5–2.5 mm, lobes 1–2 mm; corolla greenish yellow, salverform, tube 7–8 mm, lobes broadly ovate, 2–2.5 × 1.2–1.5 mm; stamens inserted near orifice of corolla tube, included in tube; ovary ovoid or ellipsoid, 1–1.5 mm, tomentose; stigma capitate, 0.5 mm. |
Fruits | berries, bluish purple, globular, 2.5–5 × 2.5–5 mm, papillose, indehiscent. |
berries, white, ovoid, 12–15 × 5–7 mm, glandular-pubescent, indehiscent. |
Seeds | ovoid, 0.6–0.9 × 0.5–0.6 mm, wings absent. |
ovoid, 2–2.5 × 1.5–2 mm, wings absent. |
2n | = 38. |
= 76. |
Buddleja madagascariensis |
Buddleja indica |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–May; fruiting not known in continental United States. | Flowering and fruiting year-round. |
Habitat | Roadsides. | Scrub, roadsides. |
Elevation | 10–20 m. (0–100 ft.) | 0–10 m. (0–0 ft.) |
Distribution |
FL; Indian Ocean Islands (Madagascar) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, West Indies (Cuba, Puerto Rico), South America (Argentina, Uruguay), Europe (Greece), Africa (Republic of South Africa), Indian Ocean Islands (Mauritius, Réunion), Pacific Islands (Fiji, Hawaii, New Caledonia, New Zealand), Australia] |
FL; Indian Ocean Islands (Comoro Islands, Madagascar, Mascarene Islands) [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | Buddleja madagascariensis is considered a serious invader in Hawaii at 900–1200 m, where it sets abundant fruits (Hawaii Invasive Species Council, https://dlnr.hawaii.gov/hisc/info/species/smoke-bush/); this contrasts with the report by A. J. M. Leeuwenberg (1979) that he had observed specimens with fruits only from Crete, Madagascar, and Mauritius. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Buddleja indica was first collected in Florida in 1998; it is now found in Broward, Martin, and Palm Beach counties. It is often cultivated, especially in greenhouses in temperate regions. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 329. | FNA vol. 17, p. 329. |
Parent taxa | Scrophulariaceae > Buddleja | Scrophulariaceae > Buddleja |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Nicodemia madagascariensis | |
Name authority | Lamarck: in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl. 1: 513. (1785) — (as Budleia) | Lamarck: in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl. 1: 513. (1785) — (as Budleia) |
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