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butterfly-bush, orange eye, orange-eye butterfly-bush, orange-eyed butterfly-bush, summer-lilac

Habit Shrubs, 5–30 dm.
Stems

branched, tomentose.

Leaves

often with auriculate stipules;

petiole 5 mm;

blade ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 10–15 × 2–4 cm, base attenuate or cuneate, margins serrate or subentire, apex acute or acuminate, abaxial surface tomentose, adaxial glabrous or glabrescent.

Inflorescences

terminal, tapered-spicate or narrowly paniculate thyrses, 10–20 × 2–4 cm, cymes almost encircling inflorescence axis, 10–25 pairs, 3–30-flowered.

Pedicels

essentially absent;

bracteoles present.

Flowers

fragrant;

calyx sparsely hairy externally, tube 1.5–2 mm, lobes 0.5–1.5 mm;

corolla straight, violet or pink, rarely white, often with yellow-orange eye, salverform, tube 8–10 mm, lobes suborbiculate, 2–3 × 2–3 mm;

stamens inserted medially in corolla tube, included in tube;

ovary ovoid, 2 mm, glabrous or puberulent;

stigma clavate, 1 mm.

Fruits

capsules, brown, narrowly ellipsoid, 5–9 × 1.5–2 mm, glabrous or puberulent, dehiscence primarily septicidal.

Seeds

threadlike, 3–4 × 0.5 mm, wings long.

2n

= 76.

Buddleja davidii

Phenology Flowering May–Oct; fruiting Jul–Nov.
Habitat Roadsides, railroad embankments, quarries, streambeds, landslide scars, sandy lakeshores, disturbed sites.
Elevation 0–1300 m. [0–4300 ft.]
Distribution
from FNA
AL; CA; CT; DC; DE; GA; IL; KY; MA; MD; MI; MO; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; WA; WV; BC; ON; Asia (China) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Central America, South America, Europe, Africa, Pacific Islands (Hawaii, New Caledonia, New Zealand), Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Buddleja davidii has been designated as a noxious weed in Oregon and Washington; it is a serious invader also in England, New Zealand, and Australia. It can often form dense thickets and produce abundant seeds (N. G. Tallent-Halsell and M. S. Watt 2009).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Parent taxa Scrophulariaceae > Buddleja
Sibling taxa
B. indica, B. lindleyana, B. madagascariensis, B. marrubiifolia, B. racemosa, B. saligna, B. scordioides, B. sessiliflora, B. utahensis
Name authority Franchet: Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat., sér. 2, 10: 65. 1887–1888 — (as Budleia davidi)
Source FNA vol. 17, p. 328. Treatment author: Eliane Meyer Norman.
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