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Columbia brome, Columbian brome, common brome

brome des seigles, common chess, rye brome

Habit Plants perennial; not rhizomatous. Plants annual.
Culms

60-120 cm, erect or spreading;

nodes (3)4-6(7), usually pilose;

internodes glabrous.

20-80 (120) cm, erect.

Sheaths

pilose or glabrous;

auricles absent;

ligules 2-6 mm, glabrous, obtuse or truncate, erose or lacerate;

blades 13-25(33) cm long, to 14 mm wide, flat, abaxial surfaces usually glabrous, sometimes pilose, adaxial surfaces usually pilose, sometimes glabrous.

Panicles

10-15 cm, open;

branches ascending to drooping.

5-23 cm long, 2.5-12 cm wide, open, nodding;

branches spreading to ascending;

lower branches slightly drooping, often secund after anthesis, not sinuous.

Spikelets

15-30 mm, elliptic to lanceolate, terete to moderately laterally compressed, with (3)4-9 florets.

10-20 mm, shorter than at least some panicle branches, ovoid-lanceolate or ovate, laterally compressed, not purple-tinged;

florets 4-9(10), ascending-spreading after flowering, bases visible at maturity;

rachilla internodes visible at maturity.

Glumes

glabrous or pilose;

lower glumes 5-8 mm, 1(3)-veined;

upper glumes 8-12 mm, 3-veined;

lemmas 8-15 mm, lanceolate, rounded over the midvein, backs sparsely hairy or glabrous, margins usually coarsely pubescent, sometimes glabrous, apices subulate to acute, entire;

awns (4)6-12 mm, straight, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices;

anthers 2-4 mm.

scabrous or glabrous;

lower glumes 4-6 mm, 3-5-veined;

upper glumes 6-7 mm, 7-veined;

lemmas 6.5-8.5(10) mm long, 1.7-2.5 mm wide, elliptic, coriaceous, obscurely 7-veined, rounded over the midvein, backs usually glabrous, sometimes pubescent, scabrous to puberulent on the margins and near the apices, margins evenly rounded, inrolled at maturity, apices acute to obtuse, bifid, teeth shorter than 1 mm;

awns (0)3-6(9.5) mm, straight or flexuous, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices;

anthers 1-2 mm.

Caryopses

equaling the paleas, thick, strongly inrolled at maturity.

Lower

sheaths glabrous or loosely pubescent and glabrate;

ligules 2-3 mm, glabrous, obtuse;

blades 15-30 cm long, 2-4 mm wide, abaxial surfaces pilose or glabrous, adaxial surfaces pilose.

2n

= 14.

= 28.

Bromus vulgaris

Bromus secalinus

Distribution
from FNA
CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; HI; AB; BC; NB; NS; ON; QC; YT
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Bromus vulgaris grows in shaded or partially shaded, often damp, coniferous forests along the coast, and inland in montane pine, spruce, fir, and aspen forests, from sea level to about 2000 m. Its range extends from coastal British Columbia eastward to southwestern Alberta and southward to central California, northern Utah, and western Wyoming.

Varieties have been described within Bromus vulgaris; because their variation is overlapping, none are recognized here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Bromus secalinus is native to Europe. It is widespread in the Flora region, where it grows in fields, on waste ground, and along roadsides. Specimens with pubescent spikelets may be called B. secalinus var. velutinus (Schrad.) W.D.J. Koch.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 24, p. 216. FNA vol. 24, p. 230.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Bromopsis Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Bromus
Sibling taxa
B. aleutensis, B. anomalus, B. arenarius, B. arizonicus, B. arvensis, B. berteroanus, B. briziformis, B. carinatus, B. caroli-henrici, B. catharticus, B. ciliatus, B. commutatus, B. danthoniae, B. diandrus, B. erectus, B. frondosus, B. grandis, B. hallii, B. hordeaceus, B. inermis, B. japonicus, B. kalmii, B. laevipes, B. lanatipes, B. lanceolatus, B. latiglumis, B. lepidus, B. madritensis, B. maritimus, B. mucroglumis, B. nottowayanus, B. orcuttianus, B. pacificus, B. polyanthus, B. porteri, B. pseudolaevipes, B. pubescens, B. pumpellianus, B. racemosus, B. ramosus, B. richardsonii, B. riparius, B. rubens, B. scoparius, B. secalinus, B. sitchensis, B. squarrosus, B. sterilis, B. suksdorfii, B. tectorum, B. texensis
B. aleutensis, B. anomalus, B. arenarius, B. arizonicus, B. arvensis, B. berteroanus, B. briziformis, B. carinatus, B. caroli-henrici, B. catharticus, B. ciliatus, B. commutatus, B. danthoniae, B. diandrus, B. erectus, B. frondosus, B. grandis, B. hallii, B. hordeaceus, B. inermis, B. japonicus, B. kalmii, B. laevipes, B. lanatipes, B. lanceolatus, B. latiglumis, B. lepidus, B. madritensis, B. maritimus, B. mucroglumis, B. nottowayanus, B. orcuttianus, B. pacificus, B. polyanthus, B. porteri, B. pseudolaevipes, B. pubescens, B. pumpellianus, B. racemosus, B. ramosus, B. richardsonii, B. riparius, B. rubens, B. scoparius, B. sitchensis, B. squarrosus, B. sterilis, B. suksdorfii, B. tectorum, B. texensis, B. vulgaris
Synonyms B. ciliatus var. glaberrimus B. secalinus var. velutinus, B. grossus
Name authority (Hook.) Shear L.
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