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Columbia brome, Columbian brome, common brome

fringe brome, Richardson's brome

Habit Plants perennial; not rhizomatous. Plants perennial; not rhizomatous.
Culms

60-120 cm, erect or spreading;

nodes (3)4-6(7), usually pilose;

internodes glabrous.

50-110(145) cm, erect to spreading;

nodes (3)4-5(6), usually glabrous, sometimes pubescent;

internodes usually glabrous.

Sheaths

pilose or glabrous;

auricles absent;

ligules 2-6 mm, glabrous, obtuse or truncate, erose or lacerate;

blades 13-25(33) cm long, to 14 mm wide, flat, abaxial surfaces usually glabrous, sometimes pilose, adaxial surfaces usually pilose, sometimes glabrous.

Panicles

10-15 cm, open;

branches ascending to drooping.

10-20(25) cm, open, nodding;

branches ascending to spreading or drooping, filiform.

Spikelets

15-30 mm, elliptic to lanceolate, terete to moderately laterally compressed, with (3)4-9 florets.

15-25(40) mm, elliptic to lanceolate, terete to moderately laterally compressed, with (4)6-10(15) florets.

Glumes

glabrous or pilose;

lower glumes 5-8 mm, 1(3)-veined;

upper glumes 8-12 mm, 3-veined;

lemmas 8-15 mm, lanceolate, rounded over the midvein, backs sparsely hairy or glabrous, margins usually coarsely pubescent, sometimes glabrous, apices subulate to acute, entire;

awns (4)6-12 mm, straight, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices;

anthers 2-4 mm.

usually glabrous, sometimes pubescent;

lower glumes 7.5-12.5 mm, 1(3)-veined;

upper glumes 8.9-11.3 mm, 3-veined, often mucronate;

lemmas 9-14(16) mm, elliptic, rounded over the midvein, margins more or less densely pilose on the lower 1/2 or 3/4, lower lemmas in a spikelet glabrous across the backs, uppermost lemmas with appressed hairs on the backs, apices obtuse, entire;

awns (2)3-5 mm, straight, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices;

anthers 1.6-2.7 mm.

Basal

sheaths often retrorsely pilose;

culm sheaths glabrous, often tufted-pilose near the auricle position, midrib of the culm leaves not abruptly narrowed just below the collar;

auricles absent;

ligules 0.4-2 mm, glabrous, rounded, erose, ciliolate;

blades 10-35 cm long, 3-12 mm wide, flat, glabrous.

2n

= 14.

= 28.

Bromus vulgaris

Bromus richardsonii

Distribution
from FNA
CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Bromus vulgaris grows in shaded or partially shaded, often damp, coniferous forests along the coast, and inland in montane pine, spruce, fir, and aspen forests, from sea level to about 2000 m. Its range extends from coastal British Columbia eastward to southwestern Alberta and southward to central California, northern Utah, and western Wyoming.

Varieties have been described within Bromus vulgaris; because their variation is overlapping, none are recognized here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Bromus richardsonii grows in meadows and open woods in the upper montane and subalpine zones, at 2000-4000 m in the southern Rocky Mountains, and at lower elevations northwards. Its range extends from southern Alaska to southern California and northern Baja California, Mexico; it is found as far east as Saskatchewan, South Dakota, and western Texas. Specimens with pubescent nodes and glumes are apparently confined to the southwestern United States.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 24, p. 216. FNA vol. 24, p. 222.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Bromopsis Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Bromopsis
Sibling taxa
B. aleutensis, B. anomalus, B. arenarius, B. arizonicus, B. arvensis, B. berteroanus, B. briziformis, B. carinatus, B. caroli-henrici, B. catharticus, B. ciliatus, B. commutatus, B. danthoniae, B. diandrus, B. erectus, B. frondosus, B. grandis, B. hallii, B. hordeaceus, B. inermis, B. japonicus, B. kalmii, B. laevipes, B. lanatipes, B. lanceolatus, B. latiglumis, B. lepidus, B. madritensis, B. maritimus, B. mucroglumis, B. nottowayanus, B. orcuttianus, B. pacificus, B. polyanthus, B. porteri, B. pseudolaevipes, B. pubescens, B. pumpellianus, B. racemosus, B. ramosus, B. richardsonii, B. riparius, B. rubens, B. scoparius, B. secalinus, B. sitchensis, B. squarrosus, B. sterilis, B. suksdorfii, B. tectorum, B. texensis
B. aleutensis, B. anomalus, B. arenarius, B. arizonicus, B. arvensis, B. berteroanus, B. briziformis, B. carinatus, B. caroli-henrici, B. catharticus, B. ciliatus, B. commutatus, B. danthoniae, B. diandrus, B. erectus, B. frondosus, B. grandis, B. hallii, B. hordeaceus, B. inermis, B. japonicus, B. kalmii, B. laevipes, B. lanatipes, B. lanceolatus, B. latiglumis, B. lepidus, B. madritensis, B. maritimus, B. mucroglumis, B. nottowayanus, B. orcuttianus, B. pacificus, B. polyanthus, B. porteri, B. pseudolaevipes, B. pubescens, B. pumpellianus, B. racemosus, B. ramosus, B. riparius, B. rubens, B. scoparius, B. secalinus, B. sitchensis, B. squarrosus, B. sterilis, B. suksdorfii, B. tectorum, B. texensis, B. vulgaris
Synonyms B. ciliatus var. glaberrimus Bromposis richardsonii, Bromopsis canadensis subsp. ricbardsonii
Name authority (Hook.) Shear Link
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