Bromus vulgaris |
Bromus commutatus |
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Columbia brome, Columbian brome, common brome |
hairy brome, hairy chess, meadow brome |
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Habit | Plants perennial; not rhizomatous. | Plants annual. |
Culms | 60-120 cm, erect or spreading; nodes (3)4-6(7), usually pilose; internodes glabrous. |
40-120 cm, erect or ascending. |
Sheaths | pilose or glabrous; auricles absent; ligules 2-6 mm, glabrous, obtuse or truncate, erose or lacerate; blades 13-25(33) cm long, to 14 mm wide, flat, abaxial surfaces usually glabrous, sometimes pilose, adaxial surfaces usually pilose, sometimes glabrous. |
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Panicles | 10-15 cm, open; branches ascending to drooping. |
7-16 cm long, 3-6 cm wide, open, erect to ascending; branches sometimes longer than the spikelets, slender, ascending to spreading. |
Spikelets | 15-30 mm, elliptic to lanceolate, terete to moderately laterally compressed, with (3)4-9 florets. |
14-18(30) mm, oblong-lanceolate, terete to moderately laterally compressed, not purple-tinged; florets 4-9(11), bases concealed or visible at maturity; rachilla internodes 1.5-2 mm, concealed or visible at maturity. |
Glumes | glabrous or pilose; lower glumes 5-8 mm, 1(3)-veined; upper glumes 8-12 mm, 3-veined; lemmas 8-15 mm, lanceolate, rounded over the midvein, backs sparsely hairy or glabrous, margins usually coarsely pubescent, sometimes glabrous, apices subulate to acute, entire; awns (4)6-12 mm, straight, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices; anthers 2-4 mm. |
usually glabrous, sometimes scabrous or pubescent; lower glumes 5-7 mm, 5-veined; upper glumes 6-9 mm, 7(9)-veined; lemmas 8-11.5 mm long, 1.7-2.6 mm wide, elliptic to lanceolate, coriaceous, backs usually glabrous, distinctly 7(9)-veined, not ribbed, rounded over the midvein, margins scabrous or pubescent, bluntly angled, inrolled or not at maturity, apices acute to obtuse, bifid, teeth shorter than 1 mm; awns 3-10 mm, straight, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices, awn of the lowest lemma shorter than the others; anthers 0.7-1.7 mm. |
Caryopses | equaling or shorter than the paleas, weakly to strongly inrolled. |
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Lower | sheaths densely hairy, hairs stiff, often retrorse; upper sheaths pubescent or glabrous; ligules 1-2.5 mm, glabrous or pilose, obtuse, ciliolate; blades 9-18 cm long, 2-4 mm wide, pilose on both surfaces. |
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2n | = 14. |
= 14, 28, 56. |
Bromus vulgaris |
Bromus commutatus |
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Distribution |
CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC
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Discussion | Bromus vulgaris grows in shaded or partially shaded, often damp, coniferous forests along the coast, and inland in montane pine, spruce, fir, and aspen forests, from sea level to about 2000 m. Its range extends from coastal British Columbia eastward to southwestern Alberta and southward to central California, northern Utah, and western Wyoming. Varieties have been described within Bromus vulgaris; because their variation is overlapping, none are recognized here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Bromus commutatus grows in fields, waste places, and road verges. It is native to Europe and the Baltic region; in the Flora region, it is found mainly in the United States and southern Canada. Hildemar Scholz (pers. comm.) recognizes three subspecies of B. commutatus in Europe; no attempt has been made to determine which subspecies are present in the Flora region. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 24, p. 216. | FNA vol. 24, p. 230. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Bromopsis | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Bromus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | B. ciliatus var. glaberrimus | B. secalinus subsp. decipiens |
Name authority | (Hook.) Shear | Schrad. |
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