Bromus racemosus |
Bromus ciliatus |
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bald brome, brome a grappes, smooth brome |
brome cilie, fringe brome, fringe bromegrass |
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Habit | Plants annual. | Plants perennial; not rhizomatous. |
Culms | 20-110 cm, erect or ascending. |
45-120(150) cm, erect; nodes (3)4-7(8), all pubescent or the lower nodes sometimes glabrous; internodes glabrous. |
Panicles | 4-16 cm long, 2-3 cm wide, erect, open; branches sometimes longer than the spikelets, slender, usually ascending, slightly curved or straight. |
10-20 cm, open, nodding; branches ascending, spreading, or drooping. |
Spikelets | 12-20 mm, lanceolate, terete to moderately laterally compressed; florets 5-6, bases concealed at maturity; rachilla internodes 1-1.5 mm, concealed at maturity. |
15-25 mm, elliptic to lanceolate, terete to moderately laterally compressed, with 4-9 florets. |
Glumes | smooth to scabrous; lower glumes 4-6 mm, (3)5-veined; upper glumes 4-7 mm, 7-veined; lemmas 6.5-8 mm long, 3-4.5 mm wide, elliptic to lanceolate, coriaceous, backs smooth, distinctly 7(9)-veined, not ribbed, rounded over the midvein, margins scabrous, rounded, not inrolled at maturity, apices acute to obtuse, bifid, teeth shorter than 1 mm; awns 5-9 mm, all more or less equal in length, straight, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices; anthers 1.5-3 mm. |
glabrous; lower glumes 5.5-7.5 mm, 1(3)-veined; upper glumes 7.1-8.5 mm, 3-veined, not mucronate; lemmas 9.5-14 mm, elliptic to lanceolate, rounded over the midvein, backs glabrous, sometimes scabrous, margins conspicuously hirsute on the lower 1/2 - 2/3, apices obtuse to acute, entire; awns 3-5 mm, straight, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices; anthers 1-1.4 mm. |
Caryopses | shorter than the paleas, thin, weakly inrolled or flat. |
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Lower | sheaths densely hairy, hairs stiff, often retrorse; upper sheaths glabrous or pubescent; ligules 1-2 mm, glabrous or hairy, erose; blades 7-18 cm long, 1-4 mm wide, pilose on both surfaces. |
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Basal | sheaths usually retrorsely pilose, sometimes glabrous; upper sheaths glabrous, throats glabrous or pilose, midrib of the culm leaves not abruptly narrowed just below the collar; auricles sometimes present; ligules 0.4-1.4 mm, usually glabrous, rarely pilose, truncate, erose; blades 13-25 cm long, 4-10 mm wide, flat, abaxial surfaces usually glabrous, sometimes pilose, adaxial surfaces usually pilose, sometimes glabrous. |
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2n | = 28. |
= 14. |
Bromus racemosus |
Bromus ciliatus |
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Distribution |
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; LB; NB; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK
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AK; AL; AZ; CA; CO; CT; IA; ID; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT
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Discussion | Bromus racemosus grows in fields, waste places, and road verges. It is native to western Europe and the Baltic region, and occurs throughout much of southern Canada and the United States. Hitchcock (1951) included B. hordeaceus subsp. pseudothominei in B. racemosus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Bromus ciliatus grows in damp meadows, thickets, woods, and stream banks across almost all of northern North America except the high arctic, extending further south mainly through the western United States to Mexico. Some taxonomists have named plants with different degrees of sheath pubescence as different forms. Because the variation is continuous, such differences are not formally recognized in this treatment. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 24, p. 233. | FNA vol. 24, p. 222. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Bromus | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Bromopsis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | B. dudleyi, B. ciliatus var. intonsus, B. canadensis, Bromopsis ciliata, Bromopsis canadensis | |
Name authority | L. | L. |
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