Bromus racemosus |
Bromus aleutensis |
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bald brome, brome a grappes, smooth brome |
Aleut brome, Aleutian brome |
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Habit | Plants annual. | Plants perennial; loosely cespitose. |
Culms | 20-110 cm, erect or ascending. |
40-130 cm tall, 3-7 mm thick, often decumbent. |
Sheaths | coarsely striate, pilose, hairs sparse to moderately dense, throats pilose; auricles rarely present; ligules 3.5-5 mm, usually glabrous, occasionally pubescent, lacerate; blades 13-35 cm long, 6-15 mm wide, flat, usually sparsely to moderately pilose on both surfaces, sometimes glabrous. |
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Panicles | 4-16 cm long, 2-3 cm wide, erect, open; branches sometimes longer than the spikelets, slender, usually ascending, slightly curved or straight. |
10-28 cm, erect, open or somewhat contracted; lower branches to 10 cm, 1-2 per node, stiffly ascending, with (1)2-3 spikelets on the distal 72, sometimes confined to the tips. |
Spikelets | 12-20 mm, lanceolate, terete to moderately laterally compressed; florets 5-6, bases concealed at maturity; rachilla internodes 1-1.5 mm, concealed at maturity. |
25-40 mm, elliptic to lanceolate, strongly laterally compressed, with 3-6 florets. |
Glumes | smooth to scabrous; lower glumes 4-6 mm, (3)5-veined; upper glumes 4-7 mm, 7-veined; lemmas 6.5-8 mm long, 3-4.5 mm wide, elliptic to lanceolate, coriaceous, backs smooth, distinctly 7(9)-veined, not ribbed, rounded over the midvein, margins scabrous, rounded, not inrolled at maturity, apices acute to obtuse, bifid, teeth shorter than 1 mm; awns 5-9 mm, all more or less equal in length, straight, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices; anthers 1.5-3 mm. |
glabrous or pubescent; lower glumes 9-13 mm, 3-5-veined; upper glumes 10-15 mm, 7(9)-veined; lemmas 12-17 mm, lanceolate, laterally compressed, usually softly pubescent, sometimes glabrous, strongly keeled at least distally, 9(11)-veined, veins conspicuous distally, apices entire or with acute teeth shorter than 1 mm; awns (3)5-10 mm; anthers 2.2-4.2 mm. |
Caryopses | shorter than the paleas, thin, weakly inrolled or flat. |
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Lower | sheaths densely hairy, hairs stiff, often retrorse; upper sheaths glabrous or pubescent; ligules 1-2 mm, glabrous or hairy, erose; blades 7-18 cm long, 1-4 mm wide, pilose on both surfaces. |
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2n | = 28. |
= 56. |
Bromus racemosus |
Bromus aleutensis |
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Distribution |
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; LB; NB; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK
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AK; WA; AB; BC; ON; QC |
Discussion | Bromus racemosus grows in fields, waste places, and road verges. It is native to western Europe and the Baltic region, and occurs throughout much of southern Canada and the United States. Hitchcock (1951) included B. hordeaceus subsp. pseudothominei in B. racemosus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Bromus aleutensis grows in sand, gravel, and disturbed soil along the Pacific coast, from the Aleutian Islands of Alaska to western Washington, and on some lake shores of central British Columbia. It has also been found further east in Canada and in northern Idaho, always in disturbed sites, such as road edges. Bromus aleutensis might represent a modified version of B. sitchensis, in which reproduction occurs at a relatively early developmental state in response to the climatic conditions of the Aleutian Islands (Hulten 1968). B. aleutensis is predominantly self-fertilizing, and B. sitchensis is predominantly outcrossing. Anther lengths close to 4.2 mm suggest that at least some plants of B. aleutensis are outcrossing (Hitchcock 1969). Bromus aleutensis intergrades with B. carinatus var. marginatus to the south. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 24, p. 233. | FNA vol. 24, p. 203. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Bromus | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Ceratochloa |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | B. sitchensis var. aleutensis | |
Name authority | L. | Trin. ex Griseb. |
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