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Canada brome, hairy wood brome, hairy woodland brome

chinook brome, Orcutt brome, Orcutt's brome, Orcutt's brome grass

Habit Plants perennial; not rhizomatous. Plants perennial; not rhizomatous.
Culms

65-120(150) cm, erect;

nodes (3)5-7(9), usually pubescent, sometimes glabrous;

internodes pubescent or glabrous.

90-150 cm, erect;

nodes 2-4, pubescent or puberulent;

internodes glabrous to pubescent, pilose to densely pubescent below the nodes.

Sheaths

retrorsely pilose, midrib of the culm leaves not abruptly narrowed just below the collar, collars hairy or glabrous;

auricles absent;

ligules 0.5-2 mm, glabrous, obtuse to truncate, erose;

blades 12-32 cm long, 6-15(19) mm wide, flat, 1 or both surfaces glabrous or hairy.

Panicles

10-25 cm, open, usually nodding;

branches usually spreading, sometimes ascending, often drooping.

7-13.5 cm, open;

branches erect, ascending and appressed to slightly spreading.

Spikelets

(13)15-30 mm, elliptic to lanceolate, terete to moderately laterally compressed, with (4)5-10(13) florets.

20-40 mm, elliptic to lanceolate, terete to moderately laterally compressed, with 3-9(11) florets.

Glumes

usually pubescent, rarely glabrous;

lower glumes 4-8 mm, 1-veined;

upper glumes 5-10 mm, 3(5)-veined, not mucronate;

lemmas 8-12 mm, lanceolate, rounded over the midvein, backs and margins usually hairy, sometimes glabrous or scabrous, apices subulate to acute, entire;

awns (3)4-7(8) mm, straight, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices;

anthers 2-4(5) mm.

usually glabrous, occasionally scabrous or pubescent;

lower glumes 5-9 mm, 1(3)-veined;

upper glumes 7-11 mm, 3(5)-veined, sometimes mucronate;

lemmas 9-16 mm, elliptic, rounded over the midvein, backs usually pubescent, sometimes glabrous or scabrous, margins pubescent or scabrous, apices obtuse, entire;

awns (4)5.5-8 mm, straight, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices;

anthers 3-5 mm.

Basal

sheaths sparingly to densely pilose, hairs 2-4 mm, occasionally glabrous;

upper sheaths hairy, hairs to 1 mm, collars glabrous or pilose, hairs to 4 mm;

auricles absent;

ligules 1-3 mm, usually glabrous, occasionally pilose, obtuse, erose;

blades 7-24 cm long, 3-12 mm wide, flat, usually glabrous, sometimes hairy.

2n

= 14.

= 14.

Bromus pubescens

Bromus orcuttianus

Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CO; CT; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; WY; MB; ON; QC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CA; NV; OR; WA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Bromus pubescens grows in shaded, moist, often upland deciduous woods. Its range is centered in the eastern half of the United States, and extends northward to southern Manitoba, Ontario, and Quebec, westward in scattered locations to Arizona, and southward to eastern Texas and western Florida.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Bromus orcuttianus grows on dry hillsides and rocky slopes, and in open pine woods and meadows in the mountains, from 500-3500 m. It is found in the western United States, including Washington, Oregon, California, Nevada, and Arizona. It is not known from Mexico.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 24, p. 220. FNA vol. 24, p. 211.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Bromopsis Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Bromopsis
Sibling taxa
B. aleutensis, B. anomalus, B. arenarius, B. arizonicus, B. arvensis, B. berteroanus, B. briziformis, B. carinatus, B. caroli-henrici, B. catharticus, B. ciliatus, B. commutatus, B. danthoniae, B. diandrus, B. erectus, B. frondosus, B. grandis, B. hallii, B. hordeaceus, B. inermis, B. japonicus, B. kalmii, B. laevipes, B. lanatipes, B. lanceolatus, B. latiglumis, B. lepidus, B. madritensis, B. maritimus, B. mucroglumis, B. nottowayanus, B. orcuttianus, B. pacificus, B. polyanthus, B. porteri, B. pseudolaevipes, B. pumpellianus, B. racemosus, B. ramosus, B. richardsonii, B. riparius, B. rubens, B. scoparius, B. secalinus, B. sitchensis, B. squarrosus, B. sterilis, B. suksdorfii, B. tectorum, B. texensis, B. vulgaris
B. aleutensis, B. anomalus, B. arenarius, B. arizonicus, B. arvensis, B. berteroanus, B. briziformis, B. carinatus, B. caroli-henrici, B. catharticus, B. ciliatus, B. commutatus, B. danthoniae, B. diandrus, B. erectus, B. frondosus, B. grandis, B. hallii, B. hordeaceus, B. inermis, B. japonicus, B. kalmii, B. laevipes, B. lanatipes, B. lanceolatus, B. latiglumis, B. lepidus, B. madritensis, B. maritimus, B. mucroglumis, B. nottowayanus, B. pacificus, B. polyanthus, B. porteri, B. pseudolaevipes, B. pubescens, B. pumpellianus, B. racemosus, B. ramosus, B. richardsonii, B. riparius, B. rubens, B. scoparius, B. secalinus, B. sitchensis, B. squarrosus, B. sterilis, B. suksdorfii, B. tectorum, B. texensis, B. vulgaris
Synonyms B. purgans forma laevivaginatus, B. purgans var. laeviglumis, B. purgans forma glabriflorus, B. ciliatus var. laeviglumis, B. ciliatus forma laeviglumis, Bromopsis pubescens
Name authority Muhl. ex Willd. Vasey
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