Bromus pacificus |
Bromus rubens |
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Pacific brome |
fox-tail brome, foxtail chess, red brome |
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Habit | Plants perennial; not rhizomatous. | Plants annual. |
Culms | 60-170 cm, erect; nodes (5)6-8, pubescent; internodes usually glabrous, sometimes pubescent near the nodes. |
10-40 cm, erect or ascending, often puberulent below the panicle. |
Sheaths | pilose, midrib of the culm leaves not abruptly narrowed just below the collar; auricles absent; ligules 2-4 mm, glabrous, truncate, erose or lacerate; blades 20-35(37) mm long, 6-16 mm wide, flat, abaxial surfaces glabrous, adaxial surfaces pilose. |
softly pubescent to pilose; auricles absent; ligules 1-3(4) mm, pubescent, obtuse, lacerate; blades to 15 cm long, 1-5 mm wide, flat, pubescent on both surfaces. |
Panicles | 10-25 cm, open, nodding; branches ascending, spreading, or drooping. |
2-10 cm long, 2-5 cm wide, erect, dense, often reddish brown; branches 0.1-1 cm, ascending, never drooping, not readily visible, with 1 or 2 spikelets. |
Spikelets | 20-30 mm, elliptic to lanceolate, terete to moderately laterally compressed, with (4)6-10 florets. |
18-25 mm, much longer than the panicle branches, densely crowded, subsessile, with parallel sides or widening distally, moderately laterally compressed, with 4-8 florets. |
Glumes | pubescent; lower glumes 6-8.5 mm, 1(3)-veined; upper glumes 8-11.5 mm, 3-veined, not mucronate; lemmas 10-12 mm, lanceolate, rounded over the midvein, backs pubescent, margins more densely so, apices acute, entire; awns 3.5-7 mm, straight, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices; anthers 2-4 mm. |
pilose, margins hyaline; lower glumes 5-8 mm, 1(3)-veined; upper glumes 8-12 mm, 3-5-veined; lemmas 10-15 mm, linear-lanceolate, pubescent to pilose, 7-veined. |
Rounded | over the midvein, margins hyaline, apices acuminate, teeth 1-3 mm; awns 8-20 mm, straight, reddish, arising 1.5 mm or more below the lemma apices; anthers 0.5-1 mm. |
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2n | = 28. |
= 14, 28. |
Bromus pacificus |
Bromus rubens |
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Distribution |
AK; OR; WA; BC
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AZ; CA; ID; MA; MD; MT; NM; NV; NY; OR; SC; TX; UT; VA; WA; HI |
Discussion | Bromus pacificus grows in moist thickets, openings, and ravines along the Pacific coast from southeastern Alaska to northern California, with a few occurrences further inland. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Bromus rubens is native to southern and southwestern Europe. It now grows in North America in disturbed ground, waste places, fields, and rocky slopes, from southern Washington to southern California, eastward to Idaho, New Mexico, and western Texas. It was found in Massachusetts before 1900 in wool waste used on a crop field; it is not established there. The record from New York represents a rare introduction; it is not known whether it is established. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 24, p. 218. | FNA vol. 24, p. 226. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Bromopsis | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Genea |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Bromopsis pacifica | B. madritensis subsp. rubens |
Name authority | Shear | L. |
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