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Pacific brome

brome inerme, Hungarian brome, smooth brome

Habit Plants perennial; not rhizomatous. Plants perennial; rhizomatous, rhizomes short to long-creeping.
Culms

60-170 cm, erect;

nodes (5)6-8, pubescent;

internodes usually glabrous, sometimes pubescent near the nodes.

50-130 cm, erect, single or a few together;

nodes (2)3-5(6), usually glabrous, rarely pubescent;

internodes usually glabrous, rarely pubescent.

Sheaths

pilose, midrib of the culm leaves not abruptly narrowed just below the collar;

auricles absent;

ligules 2-4 mm, glabrous, truncate, erose or lacerate;

blades 20-35(37) mm long, 6-16 mm wide, flat, abaxial surfaces glabrous, adaxial surfaces pilose.

usually glabrous, rarely pubescent or pilose;

auricles sometimes present;

ligules to 3 mm, glabrous, truncate, erose;

blades 11-35(42) cm long, 5-15 mm wide, flat, usually glabrous, rarely pubescent or pilose.

Panicles

10-25 cm, open, nodding;

branches ascending, spreading, or drooping.

10-20 cm, open, erect;

branches ascending or spreading.

Spikelets

20-30 mm, elliptic to lanceolate, terete to moderately laterally compressed, with (4)6-10 florets.

20-40 mm, elliptic to lanceolate, terete to moderately laterally compressed, sometimes purplish, with (5)8-10 florets.

Glumes

pubescent;

lower glumes 6-8.5 mm, 1(3)-veined;

upper glumes 8-11.5 mm, 3-veined, not mucronate;

lemmas 10-12 mm, lanceolate, rounded over the midvein, backs pubescent, margins more densely so, apices acute, entire;

awns 3.5-7 mm, straight, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices;

anthers 2-4 mm.

glabrous;

lower glumes (4)6-8(9) mm, 1(3)-veined;

upper glumes (5)7-10 mm, 3-veined;

lemmas 9-13 mm, elliptic to lanceolate, rounded over the midvein, usually glabrous and smooth, sometimes scabrous, margins sometimes sparsely puberulent, the basal part of the backs less frequently so, apices acute to obtuse, entire;

awns absent or to 3 mm, straight, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices;

anthers 3.5-6 mm.

2n

= 28.

= 28, 56.

Bromus pacificus

Bromus inermis

Distribution
from FNA
AK; OR; WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Greenland
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Bromus pacificus grows in moist thickets, openings, and ravines along the Pacific coast from southeastern Alaska to northern California, with a few occurrences further inland.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Bromus inermis is native to Eurasia, and is now found in disturbed sites in Alaska, Greenland, and most of Canada as well as south throughout most of the contiguous United States except the southeast. It has also been used for rehabilitation, and is planted extensively for forage in pastures and rangelands from Alaska and the Yukon Territory toTexas.

Bromus inermis is similar to B. pumpellianus, differing mainly in having glabrous lemmas, nodes, and leaf blades, but lack of pubescence is not a consistently reliable distinguishing character. Bromus inermis also resembles a recently introduced species, B. riparius, from which it differs primarily in its shorter or nonexistent awns.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 24, p. 218. FNA vol. 24, p. 206.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Bromopsis Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Bromopsis
Sibling taxa
B. aleutensis, B. anomalus, B. arenarius, B. arizonicus, B. arvensis, B. berteroanus, B. briziformis, B. carinatus, B. caroli-henrici, B. catharticus, B. ciliatus, B. commutatus, B. danthoniae, B. diandrus, B. erectus, B. frondosus, B. grandis, B. hallii, B. hordeaceus, B. inermis, B. japonicus, B. kalmii, B. laevipes, B. lanatipes, B. lanceolatus, B. latiglumis, B. lepidus, B. madritensis, B. maritimus, B. mucroglumis, B. nottowayanus, B. orcuttianus, B. polyanthus, B. porteri, B. pseudolaevipes, B. pubescens, B. pumpellianus, B. racemosus, B. ramosus, B. richardsonii, B. riparius, B. rubens, B. scoparius, B. secalinus, B. sitchensis, B. squarrosus, B. sterilis, B. suksdorfii, B. tectorum, B. texensis, B. vulgaris
B. aleutensis, B. anomalus, B. arenarius, B. arizonicus, B. arvensis, B. berteroanus, B. briziformis, B. carinatus, B. caroli-henrici, B. catharticus, B. ciliatus, B. commutatus, B. danthoniae, B. diandrus, B. erectus, B. frondosus, B. grandis, B. hallii, B. hordeaceus, B. japonicus, B. kalmii, B. laevipes, B. lanatipes, B. lanceolatus, B. latiglumis, B. lepidus, B. madritensis, B. maritimus, B. mucroglumis, B. nottowayanus, B. orcuttianus, B. pacificus, B. polyanthus, B. porteri, B. pseudolaevipes, B. pubescens, B. pumpellianus, B. racemosus, B. ramosus, B. richardsonii, B. riparius, B. rubens, B. scoparius, B. secalinus, B. sitchensis, B. squarrosus, B. sterilis, B. suksdorfii, B. tectorum, B. texensis, B. vulgaris
Synonyms Bromopsis pacifica B. inermis forma villosus, B. inermis forma aristatus, Bromopsis inermis
Name authority Shear Leyss.
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