Bromus hordeaceus |
Bromus texensis |
|||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
brome mou, lesser soft brome, lopgrass, soft brome, soft chess |
Texas brome |
|||||||||||||
Habit | Plants annual or biennial. | Plants annual. | ||||||||||||
Culms | 2-70 cm, erect or ascending. |
30-70 cm, erect or spreading; nodes 3-5, pubescent. |
||||||||||||
Sheaths | densely pubescent to pilose; auricles absent; ligules 2-3 mm, lanceolate, pubescent, obtuse, erose; blades 7-20 cm long, 3-7 mm wide, flat, usually pubescent to pilose, rarely glabrous. |
|||||||||||||
Panicles | 1-13 cm long, 1-4 cm wide, erect, usually ovoid, open, becoming dense, occasionally reduced to 1 or 2 spikelets; branches shorter than the spikelets, ascending to erect, straight or almost so. |
8-15 cm, open, drooping; branches ascending to spreading. |
||||||||||||
Spikelets | (11)14-20(23) mm, lanceolate, terete to moderately laterally compressed; florets 5-10, bases concealed at maturity; rachilla internodes concealed at maturity. |
20-30 mm, elliptic to lanceolate, terete to moderately laterally compressed, with 4-7 florets. |
||||||||||||
Glumes | pilose or glabrous; lower glumes 5-7 mm, 3-5-veined; upper glumes 6.5-8 mm, 5-7-veined; lemmas 6.5-11 mm long, 3-5 mm wide, lanceolate, chartaceous, antrorsely pilose to pubescent, or glabrous proximally or throughout, 7-9-veined, lateral veins prominently ribbed, rounded over the midvein, hyaline margins abruptly or bluntly angled, not inrolled at maturity, apices acute, bifid, teeth shorter than 1 mm; awns 6-8 mm, usually arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices, straight to recurved at maturity; anthers 0.6-1.5 mm. |
glabrous or hispidulous; lower glumes 6-9 mm, 1-veined; upper glumes 8-10.5 mm, 3-veined, usually acute, rarely mucronate; lemmas 9-15 mm, lanceolate, rounded over the midvein, glabrous, sometimes scabrous, apices subulate to acute, entire; awns 4-8 mm, straight, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices; anthers 3-5 mm. |
||||||||||||
Caryopses | equaling or shorter than the paleas, thin, weakly inrolled to flat. |
|||||||||||||
Lower | sheaths densely, often retrorsely, pilose; upper sheaths pubescent or glabrous; ligules 1-1.5 mm, hairy, obtuse, erose; blades 2-19 cm long, 1-4 mm wide, abaxial surfaces glabrous or hairy, adaxial surfaces hairy. |
|||||||||||||
2n | = 28. |
= 28. |
||||||||||||
Bromus hordeaceus |
Bromus texensis |
|||||||||||||
Distribution |
AK; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WI; WY; HI; AB; BC; LB; NB; NS; NT; ON; QC; YT; Greenland
|
TX |
||||||||||||
Discussion | Bromus hordeaceus is native to southern Europe and northern Africa. It is weedy, growing in disturbed areas such as roadsides, fields, sandy beaches, and waste places, and can be found in many locations in the Flora region, with the exception of the central Canadian provinces and most of the southeastern United States. Its origin is obscure. Ainouche et al. (1999) reviewed various suggestions, and concluded that at least one of its diploid ancestors may have been an extinct or undiscovered species related to B. caroli-henrici, a diploid species. The four subspecies are usually morphologically distinct. Ainouche et al. (1999), however, found no evidence of genetic differentiation among them. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Bromus texensis grows in openings in brushy areas on rocky ground. It is rare, found only southern Texas and northern Mexico. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
||||||||||||
Key |
|
|||||||||||||
Source | FNA vol. 24, p. 232. | FNA vol. 24, p. 216. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Bromus | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Bromopsis | ||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||
Synonyms | B. mollis | |||||||||||||
Name authority | L. | (Shear) Hitchc. | ||||||||||||
Web links |
|