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rescue brome, rescue grass, rescuegras

barren brome, barren bromegrass, poverty brome, sterile brome

Habit Plants annual, biennial, or perennial; loosely cespitose or tufted. Plants annual.
Culms

30-120 cm tall, 2-4 mm thick, erect or decumbent.

35-100 cm, erect or geniculate near the base, glabrous.

Sheaths

usually densely, often retrorsely, hairy, hairs sometimes confined to the throat;

auricles absent;

ligules 1-4 mm, glabrous or pilose, obtuse, lacerate to erose;

blades 4-30 cm long, 3-10 mm wide, flat, glabrous or hairy on both surfaces.

densely pubescent;

auricles absent;

ligules 2-2.5 mm, glabrous, acute, lacerate;

blades 4-20 cm long, 1-6 mm wide, pubescent on both surfaces.

Panicles

9-28 cm, usually open, erect or nodding;

lower branches shorter than 10 cm, 1-4 per node, spreading or ascending, with up to 5 spikelets variously distributed.

10-20 cm long, 5-12 cm wide, open;

branches 2-10 cm, spreading, ascending or drooping, rarely with more than 3 spikelets.

Spikelets

(17)20-40 mm, shorter than at least some pedicels and branches, elliptic to lanceolate, strongly laterally compressed, not crowded or overlapping, with 4-12 florets.

20-35 mm, usually shorter than the panicle branches, sides parallel or diverging distally, moderately laterally compressed, with 5-9 florets.

Glumes

smooth or scabrous, glabrous or pubescent;

lower glumes 7-12 mm, 5-7(9)-veined;

upper glumes 9-17 mm, 7-9(11)-veined, shorter than the lowest lemma;

lemmas 11-20 mm, lanceolate, laterally compressed, strongly keeled, usually glabrous, sometimes pubescent distally, smooth or scabrous, 9-13-veined, veins often raised and riblike, margins sometimes conspicuous, hyaline, whitish or partly purplish, apices entire or toothed, teeth acute, shorter than 1 mm;

awns absent or to 10 mm;

anthers 0.5-1 mm in cleistogamous florets, 2-5 mm in chasmogamous florets.

smooth or scabrous, margins hyaline;

lower glumes 6-14 mm, 1(3)-veined;

upper glumes 10-20 mm, 3(5)-veined;

lemmas 14-20 mm, narrowly lanceolate, pubescent or puberulent, 7(9)-veined, rounded over the midvein, margins hyaline, apices acuminate, bifid, teeth 1-3 mm;

awns 15-30 mm, straight, arising 1.5 mm or more below the lemma apices;

anthers 1-1.4 mm.

2n

= 42.

= 14,28.

Bromus catharticus

Bromus sterilis

Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; DC; FL; GA; IA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; HI; AB; NF; ON
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[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; ID; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WV; HI; BC; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Bromus sterilis is native to Europe, growing from Sweden southward. In the Flora region, it grows in road verges, waste places, fields, and overgrazed rangeland. It is widespread in western and eastern North America, but is mostly absent from the Great Plains and the southeastern states.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Awns absent or to 3.5 mm long
var. catharticus
1. Awns (5)6-10 mm long
var. elatus
Source FNA vol. 24, p. 199. FNA vol. 24, p. 224.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Ceratochloa Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Genea
Sibling taxa
B. aleutensis, B. anomalus, B. arenarius, B. arizonicus, B. arvensis, B. berteroanus, B. briziformis, B. carinatus, B. caroli-henrici, B. ciliatus, B. commutatus, B. danthoniae, B. diandrus, B. erectus, B. frondosus, B. grandis, B. hallii, B. hordeaceus, B. inermis, B. japonicus, B. kalmii, B. laevipes, B. lanatipes, B. lanceolatus, B. latiglumis, B. lepidus, B. madritensis, B. maritimus, B. mucroglumis, B. nottowayanus, B. orcuttianus, B. pacificus, B. polyanthus, B. porteri, B. pseudolaevipes, B. pubescens, B. pumpellianus, B. racemosus, B. ramosus, B. richardsonii, B. riparius, B. rubens, B. scoparius, B. secalinus, B. sitchensis, B. squarrosus, B. sterilis, B. suksdorfii, B. tectorum, B. texensis, B. vulgaris
B. aleutensis, B. anomalus, B. arenarius, B. arizonicus, B. arvensis, B. berteroanus, B. briziformis, B. carinatus, B. caroli-henrici, B. catharticus, B. ciliatus, B. commutatus, B. danthoniae, B. diandrus, B. erectus, B. frondosus, B. grandis, B. hallii, B. hordeaceus, B. inermis, B. japonicus, B. kalmii, B. laevipes, B. lanatipes, B. lanceolatus, B. latiglumis, B. lepidus, B. madritensis, B. maritimus, B. mucroglumis, B. nottowayanus, B. orcuttianus, B. pacificus, B. polyanthus, B. porteri, B. pseudolaevipes, B. pubescens, B. pumpellianus, B. racemosus, B. ramosus, B. richardsonii, B. riparius, B. rubens, B. scoparius, B. secalinus, B. sitchensis, B. squarrosus, B. suksdorfii, B. tectorum, B. texensis, B. vulgaris
Subordinate taxa
B. catharticus var. catharticus, B. catharticus var. elatus
Synonyms Ceratochloa unioloides, B. willdenowii, B. unioloides Anisantha sterilis
Name authority Vahl L
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