Bromus catharticus |
Bromus madritensis |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
rescue brome, rescue grass, rescuegras |
compact brome, foxtail brome, foxtail chess, madrid brome, Spanish brome |
|||||
Habit | Plants annual, biennial, or perennial; loosely cespitose or tufted. | Plants annual. | ||||
Culms | 30-120 cm tall, 2-4 mm thick, erect or decumbent. |
34-70 cm, erect or ascending, glabrous or puberulent below the panicle. |
||||
Sheaths | usually densely, often retrorsely, hairy, hairs sometimes confined to the throat; auricles absent; ligules 1-4 mm, glabrous or pilose, obtuse, lacerate to erose; blades 4-30 cm long, 3-10 mm wide, flat, glabrous or hairy on both surfaces. |
densely short-pubescent or glabrous; auricles absent; ligules 1.5-2 mm, glabrous, obtuse, erose; blades 4-20 cm long, 1-5 mm wide, flat, both surfaces pubescent or glabrous. |
||||
Panicles | 9-28 cm, usually open, erect or nodding; lower branches shorter than 10 cm, 1-4 per node, spreading or ascending, with up to 5 spikelets variously distributed. |
3-15 cm long, 2-6 cm wide, open, erect; branches (at least some) 1-3+ cm, ascending to spreading, never drooping, usually visible, with 1 or 2 spikelets. |
||||
Spikelets | (17)20-40 mm, shorter than at least some pedicels and branches, elliptic to lanceolate, strongly laterally compressed, not crowded or overlapping, with 4-12 florets. |
30-50 mm, longer than the panicle branches, not densely crowded, with parallel sides or widening distally, moderately laterally compressed, with 6-10 florets. |
||||
Glumes | smooth or scabrous, glabrous or pubescent; lower glumes 7-12 mm, 5-7(9)-veined; upper glumes 9-17 mm, 7-9(11)-veined, shorter than the lowest lemma; lemmas 11-20 mm, lanceolate, laterally compressed, strongly keeled, usually glabrous, sometimes pubescent distally, smooth or scabrous, 9-13-veined, veins often raised and riblike, margins sometimes conspicuous, hyaline, whitish or partly purplish, apices entire or toothed, teeth acute, shorter than 1 mm; awns absent or to 10 mm; anthers 0.5-1 mm in cleistogamous florets, 2-5 mm in chasmogamous florets. |
pilose, margins hyaline; lower glumes 5-10 mm, 1-veined; upper glumes 10-15 mm, 3-veined; lemmas 12-20 mm, linear-lanceolate, often arcuate, pubescent, with longer hairs near the margins, 5-7-veined, rounded over the midvein, margins hyaline, apices acuminate, teeth 1.5-3 mm; awns 12-23 mm, straight or arcuate, arising 1.5 mm or more below the lemma apices; anthers 0.5-1 mm. |
||||
2n | = 42. |
= 28. |
||||
Bromus catharticus |
Bromus madritensis |
|||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; DC; FL; GA; IA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; HI; AB; NF; ON
|
AZ; CA; IL; MD; MI; MS; NV; OR; VA; HI
|
||||
Discussion | Bromus madritensis is native to southern and western Europe. It is now established in North America, and grows in disturbed soil, waste places, banks, and road verges in southern Oregon, California, and Arizona. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|||||
Key |
|
|||||
Source | FNA vol. 24, p. 199. | FNA vol. 24, p. 226. | ||||
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Ceratochloa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Genea | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Ceratochloa unioloides, B. willdenowii, B. unioloides | |||||
Name authority | Vahl | L. | ||||
Web links |
|
|