Bromus catharticus |
Bromus kalmii |
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rescue brome, rescue grass, rescuegras |
arctic brome, brome de Kalm, Kalm's brome, prairie brome |
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Habit | Plants annual, biennial, or perennial; loosely cespitose or tufted. | Plants perennial; not rhizomatous. | ||||
Culms | 30-120 cm tall, 2-4 mm thick, erect or decumbent. |
50-100(110) cm, usually erect, sometimes decumbent at the base; nodes 3-5, pubescent, puberulent, or glabrous; internodes puberulent or glabrous. |
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Sheaths | usually densely, often retrorsely, hairy, hairs sometimes confined to the throat; auricles absent; ligules 1-4 mm, glabrous or pilose, obtuse, lacerate to erose; blades 4-30 cm long, 3-10 mm wide, flat, glabrous or hairy on both surfaces. |
and throats pilose or glabrous; auricles absent; ligules 0.5-1 mm, glabrous, truncate, erose; blades 10-17 cm long, 5-10 mm wide, flat, with prow-shaped tips, both surfaces glabrous or pilose or only the adaxial surfaces pilose. |
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Panicles | 9-28 cm, usually open, erect or nodding; lower branches shorter than 10 cm, 1-4 per node, spreading or ascending, with up to 5 spikelets variously distributed. |
8-13 cm, open, drooping; branches ascending to spreading, flexuous. |
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Spikelets | (17)20-40 mm, shorter than at least some pedicels and branches, elliptic to lanceolate, strongly laterally compressed, not crowded or overlapping, with 4-12 florets. |
15-25 mm, elliptic to lanceolate, terete to moderately laterally compressed, with 7-11 florets. |
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Glumes | smooth or scabrous, glabrous or pubescent; lower glumes 7-12 mm, 5-7(9)-veined; upper glumes 9-17 mm, 7-9(11)-veined, shorter than the lowest lemma; lemmas 11-20 mm, lanceolate, laterally compressed, strongly keeled, usually glabrous, sometimes pubescent distally, smooth or scabrous, 9-13-veined, veins often raised and riblike, margins sometimes conspicuous, hyaline, whitish or partly purplish, apices entire or toothed, teeth acute, shorter than 1 mm; awns absent or to 10 mm; anthers 0.5-1 mm in cleistogamous florets, 2-5 mm in chasmogamous florets. |
pubescent, margins often hyaline; lower glumes 5-7.5 mm, 3-veined; upper glumes 6.5-8.5 mm, 5-veined; lemmas 7-11 mm, elliptic to lanceolate, rounded over the midvein, backs more or less uniformly pilose or pubescent, margins densely long-pilose, apices acute to obtuse, entire; awns 1.5-3 mm, straight, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices; anthers 1.5-2.5 mm. |
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2n | = 42. |
= 14. |
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Bromus catharticus |
Bromus kalmii |
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Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; DC; FL; GA; IA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; HI; AB; NF; ON
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CT; DC; IA; IL; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; ND; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SD; VA; VT; WI; WV; MB; ON; QC
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Discussion | Bromus kalmii grows in sandy, gravelly, or limestone soils in open woods and calcareous fens. Its range centers in the north-central and northeastern United States and adjacent Canadian provinces. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 24, p. 199. | FNA vol. 24, p. 209. | ||||
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Ceratochloa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Bromopsis | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Ceratochloa unioloides, B. willdenowii, B. unioloides | |||||
Name authority | Vahl | A. Gray | ||||
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