Bromus catharticus |
Bromus racemosus(synonym of Bromus commutatus) |
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rescue brome, rescue grass, rescuegras |
hairy brome, hairy chess, meadow brome |
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Habit | Plants annual, biennial, or perennial; loosely cespitose or tufted. | Plants annual. | ||||
Culms | 30-120 cm tall, 2-4 mm thick, erect or decumbent. |
40-120 cm, erect or ascending. |
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Sheaths | usually densely, often retrorsely, hairy, hairs sometimes confined to the throat; auricles absent; ligules 1-4 mm, glabrous or pilose, obtuse, lacerate to erose; blades 4-30 cm long, 3-10 mm wide, flat, glabrous or hairy on both surfaces. |
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Panicles | 9-28 cm, usually open, erect or nodding; lower branches shorter than 10 cm, 1-4 per node, spreading or ascending, with up to 5 spikelets variously distributed. |
7-16 cm long, 3-6 cm wide, open, erect to ascending; branches sometimes longer than the spikelets, slender, ascending to spreading. |
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Spikelets | (17)20-40 mm, shorter than at least some pedicels and branches, elliptic to lanceolate, strongly laterally compressed, not crowded or overlapping, with 4-12 florets. |
14-18(30) mm, oblong-lanceolate, terete to moderately laterally compressed, not purple-tinged; florets 4-9(11), bases concealed or visible at maturity; rachilla internodes 1.5-2 mm, concealed or visible at maturity. |
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Glumes | smooth or scabrous, glabrous or pubescent; lower glumes 7-12 mm, 5-7(9)-veined; upper glumes 9-17 mm, 7-9(11)-veined, shorter than the lowest lemma; lemmas 11-20 mm, lanceolate, laterally compressed, strongly keeled, usually glabrous, sometimes pubescent distally, smooth or scabrous, 9-13-veined, veins often raised and riblike, margins sometimes conspicuous, hyaline, whitish or partly purplish, apices entire or toothed, teeth acute, shorter than 1 mm; awns absent or to 10 mm; anthers 0.5-1 mm in cleistogamous florets, 2-5 mm in chasmogamous florets. |
usually glabrous, sometimes scabrous or pubescent; lower glumes 5-7 mm, 5-veined; upper glumes 6-9 mm, 7(9)-veined; lemmas 8-11.5 mm long, 1.7-2.6 mm wide, elliptic to lanceolate, coriaceous, backs usually glabrous, distinctly 7(9)-veined, not ribbed, rounded over the midvein, margins scabrous or pubescent, bluntly angled, inrolled or not at maturity, apices acute to obtuse, bifid, teeth shorter than 1 mm; awns 3-10 mm, straight, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices, awn of the lowest lemma shorter than the others; anthers 0.7-1.7 mm. |
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Caryopses | equaling or shorter than the paleas, weakly to strongly inrolled. |
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Lower | sheaths densely hairy, hairs stiff, often retrorse; upper sheaths pubescent or glabrous; ligules 1-2.5 mm, glabrous or pilose, obtuse, ciliolate; blades 9-18 cm long, 2-4 mm wide, pilose on both surfaces. |
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2n | = 42. |
= 14, 28, 56. |
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Bromus catharticus |
Bromus racemosus |
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Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; DC; FL; GA; IA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; HI; AB; NF; ON
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Discussion | Bromus commutatus grows in fields, waste places, and road verges. It is native to Europe and the Baltic region; in the Flora region, it is found mainly in the United States and southern Canada. Hildemar Scholz (pers. comm.) recognizes three subspecies of B. commutatus in Europe; no attempt has been made to determine which subspecies are present in the Flora region. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 24, p. 199. | FNA vol. 24, p. 230. | ||||
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Ceratochloa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Bromus | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Ceratochloa unioloides, B. willdenowii, B. unioloides | B. secalinus subsp. decipiens | ||||
Name authority | Vahl | Schrad. | ||||
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