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rescue brome, rescue grass, rescuegras

Photo is of parent taxon

Chilean brome

Habit Plants annual, biennial, or perennial; loosely cespitose or tufted. Plants perennial; loosely cespitose.
Culms

30-120 cm tall, 2-4 mm thick, erect or decumbent.

50-110 cm, erect.

Sheaths

usually densely, often retrorsely, hairy, hairs sometimes confined to the throat;

auricles absent;

ligules 1-4 mm, glabrous or pilose, obtuse, lacerate to erose;

blades 4-30 cm long, 3-10 mm wide, flat, glabrous or hairy on both surfaces.

usually densely retrorsely pilose, sometimes densely villous generally or only on the throat: ligules 1-3.5 mm, glabrous, obtuse, lacerate to erose;

blades 10-30 cm long, 3-5 mm wide, glabrous or hairy.

Panicles

9-28 cm, usually open, erect or nodding;

lower branches shorter than 10 cm, 1-4 per node, spreading or ascending, with up to 5 spikelets variously distributed.

10-28 cm, lax, usually open;

lower branches 2-3 per node, stiffly spreading to ascending, with 2-5 spikelets.

Spikelets

(17)20-40 mm, shorter than at least some pedicels and branches, elliptic to lanceolate, strongly laterally compressed, not crowded or overlapping, with 4-12 florets.

20-40 mm, with 4-6(8) florets.

Glumes

smooth or scabrous, glabrous or pubescent;

lower glumes 7-12 mm, 5-7(9)-veined;

upper glumes 9-17 mm, 7-9(11)-veined, shorter than the lowest lemma;

lemmas 11-20 mm, lanceolate, laterally compressed, strongly keeled, usually glabrous, sometimes pubescent distally, smooth or scabrous, 9-13-veined, veins often raised and riblike, margins sometimes conspicuous, hyaline, whitish or partly purplish, apices entire or toothed, teeth acute, shorter than 1 mm;

awns absent or to 10 mm;

anthers 0.5-1 mm in cleistogamous florets, 2-5 mm in chasmogamous florets.

Lower

glumes 5-7(9)-veined;

upper glumes 10-17 mm, 7-9-veined;

lemmas 11-16 mm, scabrous, glabrous or pubescent, 9-11-veined;

awns (5)6-10 mm;

anthers 0.6-1 mm in cleistogamous florets, 3-5 mm in chasmogamous florets.

2n

= 42.

= 42.

Bromus catharticus

Bromus catharticus var. elatus

Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; DC; FL; GA; IA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; HI; AB; NF; ON
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Discussion

Bromus catharticus var. elatus, a native of South America, now grows in disturbed soils in central California. It has also been reported from ballast dumps in Oregon. Although originally published as var. elata, the correct name is var. elatus.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Awns absent or to 3.5 mm long
var. catharticus
1. Awns (5)6-10 mm long
var. elatus
Source FNA vol. 24, p. 199. FNA vol. 24, p. 201.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Ceratochloa Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Ceratochloa > Bromus catharticus
Sibling taxa
B. aleutensis, B. anomalus, B. arenarius, B. arizonicus, B. arvensis, B. berteroanus, B. briziformis, B. carinatus, B. caroli-henrici, B. ciliatus, B. commutatus, B. danthoniae, B. diandrus, B. erectus, B. frondosus, B. grandis, B. hallii, B. hordeaceus, B. inermis, B. japonicus, B. kalmii, B. laevipes, B. lanatipes, B. lanceolatus, B. latiglumis, B. lepidus, B. madritensis, B. maritimus, B. mucroglumis, B. nottowayanus, B. orcuttianus, B. pacificus, B. polyanthus, B. porteri, B. pseudolaevipes, B. pubescens, B. pumpellianus, B. racemosus, B. ramosus, B. richardsonii, B. riparius, B. rubens, B. scoparius, B. secalinus, B. sitchensis, B. squarrosus, B. sterilis, B. suksdorfii, B. tectorum, B. texensis, B. vulgaris
B. catharticus var. catharticus
Subordinate taxa
B. catharticus var. catharticus, B. catharticus var. elatus
Synonyms Ceratochloa unioloides, B. willdenowii, B. unioloides B. stamineus
Name authority Vahl (E. Desv.) Planchuelo
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